1. Explaining Differential Frequency Effects in Recall and Recognition: The Generation Gap & Marty Niewiadomski Steve Joordens University of Toronto at Scarborough Bill Hockley Wilfrid Laurier University BBCS - 2004

2. 2 REASONOFFICESTRATASCURVY

3. BBCS - 2004 3 Frequency effects on recall Typical results show a memory advantage for high frequency words

4. BBCS - 2004 4 Frequency effects on recognition Typical results show a memory advantage for low frequency words (e.g. Glanzer & Adams, 1985)

5. BBCS - 2004 5 PE LEPEO LEPEOPLE 1=Remember OLD 2=Think OLD 3=NEW NE LANEB LANEBULA 1=Remember OLD 2=Think OLD 3=NEW SC VYSCU VYSCURVY 1=Remember OLD 2=Think OLD 3=NEW RE ONREA ONREASON 1=Remember OLD 2=Think OLD 3=NEW

6. BBCS - 2004 6 Experiment 1 –Generation data

7. BBCS - 2004 7 Experiment 1 –Generation data

8. BBCS - 2004 8 Experiment 1 –Recognition data (overall)

9. BBCS - 2004 9 Experiment 1 –Recognition data (generated items)

10. BBCS - 2004 10 Experiment 1 –Recognition data (non-generated items)

11. BBCS - 2004 11 REASONSTRATAOFFICESCURVY

12. BBCS - 2004 12 Experiment 2 –Generation data

13. BBCS - 2004 13 Experiment 2 –Recognition data (overall)

14. BBCS - 2004 14 Experiment 2 –Recognition data (generated items)

15. BBCS - 2004 15 Experiment 2 –Recognition data (non-generated items)

16. BBCS - 2004 16 PEO LEPEOPLE 1=Remember OLD 2=Think OLD 3=NEW NEB LANEBULA 1=Remember OLD 2=Think OLD 3=NEW SCU VYSCURVY 1=Remember OLD 2=Think OLD 3=NEW REA ONREASON 1=Remember OLD 2=Think OLD 3=NEW

17. BBCS - 2004 17 Experiment 3 –Generation data

18. BBCS - 2004 18 Experiment 3 –Recognition data (overall)

19. BBCS - 2004 19 Experiment 3 –Recognition data (generated items)

20. BBCS - 2004 20 Experiment 3 –Recognition data (non-generated items)

21. BBCS - 2004 21 to conclude... Generation appears to be a significant component of the frequency paradox in terms of the task... –Generation of “new” items –Two tasks within one trial

22. BBCS - 2004 22 THANK YOU