1. doc.: IEEE 802.11-03/0682-00-000k Submission September 2003 Knut Evensen, Q-Free ISO TC204 CALM Status presented to IEEE 802.11 15 September 2003 Presenter: Knut Evensen Q-Free

2. doc.: IEEE 802.11-03/0682-00-000k Submission September 2003 Knut Evensen, Q-Free Outline Overview of standardisation bodies What is CEN - DSRC? Overview of ISO TC204 - Intelligent Transport Systems WG16 - Wide Area Communications - CALM

3. 414.09-040-96 Standardisation – an overviewGeneralGeneralElectroElectroComm.Comm.ITIT JTC1 ICTSB

4. doc.: IEEE 802.11-03/0682-00-000k Submission September 2003 Knut Evensen, Q-Free CEN TC/278 Road Transport and Traffic Telematics

5. CEN TC278 - Road Transport and Traffic Telematics

6. doc.: IEEE 802.11-03/0682-00-000k Submission September 2003 Knut Evensen, Q-Free CEN DSRC

7. doc.: IEEE 802.11-03/0682-00-000k Submission September 2003 Knut Evensen, Q-Free What is DSRC? Dedicated Short Range Communication Dedicated = Developed for ITS Short-Range = 1 – 40 meters, typ 8-10 m –2W EIRP ASK downlink (roadside – vehicle) –50mW DPSK reflected uplink (veh – roadside) –Passive mixing reflector – no RF generated in vehicle

8. doc.: IEEE 802.11-03/0682-00-000k Submission September 2003 Knut Evensen, Q-Free DSRC Profiles (EN13372) DSRC Physical Layer 1 (EN12253) DSRC Data Link Layer 2 (EN12795) DSRC Application Layer 7 (EN12834) ETC Application (ISO14906) Initialisation Data Transfer Logical Link Control Medium Access Control Frequency Spectrum Interference levels Modulation ++ Data/Attributes ETC functions Selection of parameters Inter-layer management

9. doc.: IEEE 802.11-03/0682-00-000k Submission September 2003 Knut Evensen, Q-Free ETSI ERM TG37

10. doc.: IEEE 802.11-03/0682-00-000k Submission September 2003 Knut Evensen, Q-Free ETSI ERM TG37 A new Topic Group dedicated to ITS communication Very good relation to CALM Chairman is Bob Williams TG37 will look at: –Spectrum matters 5-6 GHz for Europe –Cellular convergence standards –Testing and formal protocol verification Please see www.etsi.org ERM forumwww.etsi.org

11. doc.: IEEE 802.11-03/0682-00-000k Submission September 2003 Knut Evensen, Q-Free ISO TC/204 Intelligent Transport Systems

12. doc.: IEEE 802.11-03/0682-00-000k Submission September 2003 Knut Evensen, Q-Free Objectives of TC204 include:- ITS architectures, terminology & data registrars. Protocols and methods for communications between traffic-control & emergency-call centers, as well as to & from vehicles. Automatic vehicle & equipment identification. Interoperability of Location-Based information. Characteristics & performance of ITS-related vehicle- to-infrastructure and inter-vehicle communications, for driver assistance & guidance. International, multimodal end-to-end people & freight transport.

13. doc.: IEEE 802.11-03/0682-00-000k Submission September 2003 Knut Evensen, Q-Free Structure of TC/204 [ WG4, 10,14,15,16 of interest to comms.] ISO/TC204 Intelligent Transport Systems WG1Architecture R.K. Williams – U.K. WG3TICS Database TechnologyM. Shibata - Japan WG4Automatic Vehicle Identification (CEN WG12)K. Evensen - Norway WG5Fee & Toll Collection (CEN WG1) H. Stoelhorst – Netherlands WG6General Fleet ManagementMerged with WG7 WG7General Fleet Management & Commercial/FreightR. Sabounghi - Canada WG8Public Transport/Emergency A. Kiepper – U.S.A. WG9Integrated Transport Information, Management & Control D. Clowes – U.K. WG10Traveler Information Systems P. Burton – U.K. WG11Route Guidance & Navigation SystemsConvenor TBD WG14Vehicle/Roadway Warning & Control SystemsK. Yamada - Japan WG15Dedicated Short Range Communications (CEN WG9)C. Rokitansky - Germany WG16Wide Area Communications/Protocols & Interfaces R. Shields – U.S.A.

14. doc.: IEEE 802.11-03/0682-00-000k Submission September 2003 Knut Evensen, Q-Free ISO TC/204 WG16 Wide Area Comms CALM

15. doc.: IEEE 802.11-03/0682-00-000k Submission September 2003 Knut Evensen, Q-Free ISO TC204 WG16 Wide Area Communication WG 16 R. Shields WG 16 R. Shields SWG 16.2 Networking H. Wakayama SWG 16.2 Networking H. Wakayama SWG 16.1 CALM B. Williams SWG 16.1 CALM B. Williams SWG 16.0 Architecture K. Evensen SWG 16.0 Architecture K. Evensen SWG 16.3 Probe T. Kishi SWG 16.3 Probe T. Kishi CALM Cellular CALM IR CALM 60GHz CALM M5 CALM Network CALM Architect.

16. doc.: IEEE 802.11-03/0682-00-000k Submission September 2003 Knut Evensen, Q-Free CALM - Overall C ontinuous A ir interface for L ong and M edium distance Support continuous communications Support master/slave and peer-peer modes Support user transparent networking Support handover spanning multiple media, media providers and beacons Very ambitious timescale – ISO test-case for fast development

17. doc.: IEEE 802.11-03/0682-00-000k Submission September 2003 Knut Evensen, Q-Free CALM Applications Support of Internet services – invisible handover – (mostly) media independent Support of traditional ITS apps – media independent through DSRC L7 New generation of applications: –Major push in safety – Vehicle Safety Communication –New commercial applications made possible by high data rate & long range.

18. doc.: IEEE 802.11-03/0682-00-000k Submission September 2003 Knut Evensen, Q-Free CALM -IETF A very good liaison to the Internet Engineering Task Force has been set up Main support from experts at Keio university T. ERNST /K. UEHARA CALM concept is forwarded to IETF to make various groups aware of mobility requirements IETF NEMO (Network Mobility) group is closely following CALM. Will be the contact point to IETF

19. doc.: IEEE 802.11-03/0682-00-000k Submission September 2003 Knut Evensen, Q-Free NEMO Concept

20. CALM classic architecture ISO TC204 ITS APPLICATIONS ISO TC204 ITS APPLICATIONS IPv6 layer TCPUDP Media Selection Network Switching Roaming Control QoS Stream & Realtime Protocols ISO DSRC L7 HTTP/ SMTP Protocols MAC 5 GHz Init Hnd- ovr Secur MAC 2.5G Cellular Init Hnd- ovr Secur UMTS 3G Cellular Init Hnd- ovr Secur L2/UDP

21. doc.: IEEE 802.11-03/0682-00-000k Submission September 2003 Knut Evensen, Q-Free CALM abstract architecture - Standards that are outside CALM scope SAP - Service Access Point – Data Transfer SAP - Service Access Point – Management Media Function blocks shown above may be part of a more comprehensive communications device. 2G cellular std by reference CALM 2G Manager ISO 21212 SAP Networking Management ISO 21210-3 CALM system Management Entity (CME) ISO 21210-2 NETWORK INTERFACE Routing and Media Switching based on IPv6 ISO 21210-1 Non-CALM-aware Point-to-point APPLICATIONS Convergence Layer ISO 15628/ ISO 21210-5 SAP CALM-Aware APPLICATIONS Layer 5-7 INTERNET STANDARDS SAP Common Station, PHY, MAC, LLC Managers ISO 21210-4 SAP Directory Services ISO 21210-5 SAP Non-CALM-aware IP (Internet) APPLICATIONS Convergence Layer IP socket/ ISO 21210-5 SAP CALM MM CALM MM Manager ISO 21216 SAP CALM M5 CALM M5 Manager ISO 21215 SAP CALM IR CALM IR Manager ISO 21214 SAP 3G cellular std by reference CALM 3G Manager ISO 21213 SAP In- Vehicle Network Lower Layers In-Vehicle Net Convergence ISO 212?? SAP

22. In-Vehicle App Sensors and Control ITS In-Vehicle Network In-vehicle OEM network CALM Network Layer 3-4 Routing Firewall Network OEM G/W ITS Application Layer 5-7 CALM Network Layer 3-4 OBE device INTERNET SERVICE Layer 5-7 CALM Network Layer 3-4 OBE device CALM M5 PHY CALM MAC CALM LLC Network Layer 3-4 IVN DLL IVN PHY CALM OBU Network Layer 3-4 Routing CALM Network Layer 3-4 IVN DLL IVN PHY IVN DLL IVN PHY IVN DLL IVN PHY IVN DLL IVN PHY IVN DLL IVN PHY IVN DLL IVN PHY IVN DLL IVN PHY IVN DLL IVN PHY Directory services SAP CME MLME PLCP/ PLME SAP CME NME SAP CELL Netw CELL DLL Cellular PHY Convergenc N-Layer CALM Network Layer 3-4 Routing CME.OBU SAP NME SAP Convergence CALM Vehicle Architecture 1

23. Combined Antenna Pod ITS In-Vehicle Network RESOURCE MANAGER, ISO14906 CALM NETWORK LAYER – FMIPv6 ITS INTERNET APPLICATION Socket TCP/UDP Application Interface ISO15628 PACKET HOP (RUDP) CALM Routing IN-VEHICLE NETWORK DATA LINK LAYER IN-VEHICLE NETWORK PHYSICAL LAYER VEHICLE COMPUTER CME Vehicle- Vehicle Apllication Network IVN DLL IVN PHY CALM OBU CALM M5 PHY CALM MAC CALM LLC Network CME MLME PLCP/ PLME NME GPRS PHY GPRS Stack GPRS Convergence Network DSRC L1 DSRC L2/L7 DSRC Convergence Network GPS PHY GPS Stack GPS Convergence Network CALM Routing Implementation Architecture - Example

24. doc.: IEEE 802.11-03/0682-00-000k Submission September 2003 Knut Evensen, Q-Free Vehicle - Infrastructure M5 PHY CALM MAC CALM LLC Network IVN DLL IVN PHY CALM OBU Network Routing CME.OBU MLME PLCP/ PLME SAP NME SAP M5 PHY CALM MAC CALM LLC Network Fixed network DLL Fixed net PHY CALM BASE STATION Network Routing CME.BS MLME PLCP/ PLME SAP NME SAP Vehicle Computer ITS Applications CALM Network IVN DLL IVN PHY CME.VC and NME Infrastruct Server ITS Applications CALM Network Fixed network DLL Fixed net PHY CME.IS and NME

25. doc.: IEEE 802.11-03/0682-00-000k Submission September 2003 Knut Evensen, Q-Free Vehicle - Vehicle M5 PHY CALM MAC CALM LLC Network IVN DLL IVN PHY CALM OBU Network Routing CME.OBU MLME PLCP/ PLME SAP NME SAP M5 PHY CALM MAC CALM LLC Network IVN DLL IVN PHY CALM OBU Network Routing CME.OBU MLME PLCP/ PLME SAP NME SAP Vehicle Computer V-V Applications CALM Network IVN DLL IVN PHY CME.VC and NME Vehicle Computer V-V Applications CALM Network IVN DLL IVN PHY CME.VC and NME

26. Infrastructure Architecture - example Internet Domain C Domain B Domain A Home Domain HA Vehicle - OBU BASE STATION (Access Point or RSU) Corresponding Node

27. doc.: IEEE 802.11-03/0682-00-000k Submission September 2003 Knut Evensen, Q-Free CALM M5

28. doc.: IEEE 802.11-03/0682-00-000k Submission September 2003 Knut Evensen, Q-Free Why the 5 GHz spectrum? Some spectrum available in all countries: – car unit for global market! Radio - penetrate walls and “bend around corners” Based on 802.11 W-LAN standards: –Many suppliers – no single source problem –Low cost due to competition, high volume and mainstream components –High reliability due to proven performance and mature developments of 802.11 High performance from day one: –6-54 Mbit/s data rate –80-1000 meters communication distance

29. doc.: IEEE 802.11-03/0682-00-000k Submission September 2003 Knut Evensen, Q-Free Why 5 GHz – cont. 802.11 standards are optimised for both: –ad-hoc (vehicle-vehicle) as well as –central communication (vehicle-infrastructure) Many channels are globally available – physically separated and non-interfering : –Dedicated channels for emergency and safety applications to avoid contention and interference –Other channels for less critical Internet access and information downloads –A group of vehicles in a “moving network” can share one channel, and pass another moving network without any disruption.

30. doc.: IEEE 802.11-03/0682-00-000k Submission September 2003 Knut Evensen, Q-Free Why 5 GHz – cont The vehicle can commiunicate with normal IEEE 802.11a access points – your vehicle can access your normal home W-LAN – even through the walls. SINGLE FAMILY HOUSE An IEEE 802.11a WLAN radio transfers data directly to an IEEE 802.11a capable vehicle OBU using a channel in the UNII band. GARAGE

31. doc.: IEEE 802.11-03/0682-00-000k Submission September 2003 Knut Evensen, Q-Free Extract from formal scope: CALM-M5 ISO 21215 :Medium and long range, high speed, air interface parameters and protocols for broadcast, point-point, vehicle-vehicle, and vehicle-point communications in the ITS Sector using MICROWAVE COMMUNICATIONS at 5 GHz, including specifications for Master/Slave and Peer to Peer Communications. The work item will specify the required communication architecture, interfaces, parameters and protocols for the – Physical Layer – Data Link Layer: Medium Access Control (MAC) and Logical Link Control (LLC) Wherever practicable,this Standard will be developed by reference to suitable extant Standards, adopted by selection. Required regional variations will be provided. Due account will be given to, and use made of, any relevant parts of appropriate communications systems, such as Global Positioning Systems (GPS), Digital Audio Broadcasting (DAB), Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB), Digital Data Broadcasting (DDB), TETRA, Mobile Broadband Systems (MBS, W-ATM), WLANs, Internet Protocols, and of course, DSRC.

32. doc.: IEEE 802.11-03/0682-00-000k Submission September 2003 Knut Evensen, Q-Free Scope of CALM M5 The standard: –shall use microwaves in the 5 GHz band as the transmission medium between (moving or stationary) vehicles and a roadside communications-infrastructure or other (moving or stationary) vehicles; –shall minimise harmful interference with standardised regional radio unit in this spectrum, e.g. no harmful cross-interference with regional DSRC standards;

33. doc.: IEEE 802.11-03/0682-00-000k Submission September 2003 Knut Evensen, Q-Free Scope of CALM M5 The Standard: –shall support vehicle speeds to a minimum of 200km/h; –shall define or reference environmental parameters relevant to link operation; –shall support latencies and communication delays in the order of milliseconds; –shall be adaptable to regional/national regulatory parameters; –may support other regional/national parameters as applicable.

34. doc.: IEEE 802.11-03/0682-00-000k Submission September 2003 Knut Evensen, Q-Free 5 GHz Band Spectrum North Ameri Europe Japan ISM band CALM M5 Unlicen. W-LAN Partly available regionally: ISM + shared unlicenced Requested from ITU: Global ITS Safety allocation 5.85-5.925 Dedicated ITS (DSRC)

35. doc.: IEEE 802.11-03/0682-00-000k Submission September 2003 Knut Evensen, Q-Free Spectrum M5 For global use, the OBUs shall: –Be capable of operating within the range of 5.15 GHz to 5.925 GHz –Support both 10 and 20 MHz channels –Support accurate transmit power control RSUs will operate on the regionally allocated frequencies.

36. doc.: IEEE 802.11-03/0682-00-000k Submission September 2003 Knut Evensen, Q-Free Global M5 spectrum config. The mobile unit (OBU) shall be configurable when moving between regulatory areas The OBU shall not start operation until an authorised source (e.g. fixed, licensed RSU) has provided profile information. Profiles may be autonomously initiated if the OBU can ascertain its position.

37. doc.: IEEE 802.11-03/0682-00-000k Submission September 2003 Knut Evensen, Q-Free M5 Access Methods National regulatory bodies can place limitations on channel utilisation and maximum channel usage on a per channel basis, and the unit shall be configurable / programmable to operate within these limitations.

38. doc.: IEEE 802.11-03/0682-00-000k Submission September 2003 Knut Evensen, Q-Free M5 Directivity CALM M5 include omni-directional as well as directive patterns. The standard allow control of multi-sector directed antenna elements. The standard allow simultaneous operation on multiple channels in the same or different directions.

39. doc.: IEEE 802.11-03/0682-00-000k Submission September 2003 Knut Evensen, Q-Free Conclusion CALM M5 - likely candidate for the next high-volume ITS communication medium The public safety applications requires global spectrum allocations. A liaison (formal?) to IEEE Tg!