1. Genetics DNA HISTORY

2.  Read this quote and write a 3-4 sentence paragraph explaining how this might relate to our theme of biology: everything is interconnected  “A genetic material must carry two jobs: duplicate itself and control the development of the rest of the cell in a specific way”  Francis Crick DO NOW

3.  Do Now  Lab research activity in groups  Go over the discoveries of DNA and their researchers  Review  Worksheet AGENDA

4.  In biology, we now know that everything is interconnected, but we will also need to understand that…  Structure dictates function NEW THEME OF BIOLOGY

5. GRIFFITH

6.  Harmful smooth (s-strain) and harmless rough (R- strain) of pneumonia in mice to see which one was deadly  Mixed dead S and live R strains= deadly and killed mouse  Dead S cells= mouse is alive  Live R cells= mouse is Alive  Why?  Griffith wanted to know WHAT was transferred between S and R strains?  DNA!!!! GRIFFITH

7. HERSHEY AND CHASE

8.  Wanted to know whether protein or DNA was the material transferred  Bacteria and Viruses were used  Radioactive sulfur and phosphorus were used to label protein and DNA, respectively  Found that phosphorus was inside the bacteria, so they stated that DNA was the genetic material, NOT protein HERSHEY AND CHASE

9.  Discovered the different types of sugars present within RNA and DNA  Found that DNA has deoxyribose and RNA has ribose sugars  Important in knowing the structure of DNA LEVENE

10.  Discovered the ratios of ACGT within DNA  Chargaff’s rule: states that there is an even proportion of A to T and G to C  A=T  G=C CHARGAFF

11.  Discovered DNA was SYMMETRICAL and regular  Used x-ray crystallography to discover the structure FRANKLIN

12.  Found that A and T go together and G and C.  Deduced the 3D structure of DNA WATSON AND CRICK

13.  What molecule was determined to not be the carrier of genetic information?  Protein  What scientists made this discovery? What did they use to discover this?  Hershey and Chase/ viruses and bacteria  Who discovered the structure of DNA/RNA sugars?  Levene REVIEW

14.  What is Chargaff’s rule?  There is an even amount of A to T, G to C  I have 20% adenine. How much of TG and C do I have?  20% T and 30% G and 30% C  What did Rosalind Franklin’s discovery show us about DNA structure?  Symmetrical molecule REVIEW