1. DE CHEMISTRY – King William High School

2.  Kinetic Molecular Theory 1. Gases move randomly at high velocities 2. The attractive forces between gases are small 3. The volume of a gas is small compared to the container 4. gas particles are in constant, straight- line motion 5. Gas speed is proportional to temperature

3.  Pressure (atm, mmHg, kPa) 1 atm = 760 mmHg = 760 torr = 101.3 kPa  Volume (mL, L)  Temperature ( o C, K) o C + 273 = K  Moles

4.  P 1 V 1 = P 2 V 2  Pressure and volume are indirectly proportional  EX: Oxygen gas is delivered to a patient. The 12.0 L tank gauge reads 3800 mmHg. How many liters would the same gas occupy at 0.75 atm?

5.  V 1 = V 2 T 1 T 2  Volume and temperature (K) are directly proportional  EX: A sample of argon has a volume of 5.40 L at 15 o C. What is the final volume if the temperature is increased to 42 o C?

6.  P 1 = P 2 T 1 T 2  Pressure and temperature (K) are directly proportional  EX: A hairspray can has a pressure of 4.0 atm at 25 o C. If the can is thrown into a fire (402 o C) will it explode. The can will explode at pressures greater than 8.0 atm.

7.  P 1 V 1 = P 2 V 2 T 1 T 2  EX: A 25.0 mL bubble has a pressure of 4.00 atm at 11 o C. What is its volume at 1.00 atm and 18 o C?

8.  V 1 = V 2 n 1 n 2  Volume and # of moles is directly proportional  EX: A balloon with 2.0 moles of helium has a volume of 44 L. What is the final volume if 3.0 moles more of helium is added?

9.  Standard Temperature and Pressure  P = 1 atm  T = 273 K  At STP…1 mole of a gas has a volume of 22.4 L  EX: What is the volume of 64 g of oxygen?

10.  P total = P 1 + P 2 + P 3 + …  EX: A mixture of nitrogen and oxygen has a total pressure of 4.2 atm. Nitrogen has a partial pressure of 3.0 atm. What is the partial pressure of oxygen?