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Published byAnastasia Cameron Modified over 9 years ago
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“Eternal Law” सनातन धर्म
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Oldest Religion Still Practiced From Ancient Vedic Religion Combination of Diverse Traditions No single founder 3 rd Largest World Religion After Christianity Islam 1 Billion People 905 Million India and Nepal Other Countries with many: Bangladesh Sri Lanka Pakistan Indonesia Malaysia Singapore Fiji United Kingdom Canada
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Beliefs Extremely Diverse Everyone has different beliefs Agree Main Ideas Dharma Ethics/Duties Samsara Continuing Cycle Life, Death, Rebirth Karma Action and Reaction Moksha Liberation from Samsara Yogas Paths or Practices
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Only Religion Polytheistic and Monotheistic Believe: Soul (Atman) Eternal Brahma “Universal Consciousness” Supreme Spirit that all souls are a part of Become aware that oneself is part of the whole perfect soul of Brahma Reach Moksha Escape Cycle of Rebirth Attain perfection Gods Triad of main Gods including Brahma Vishnu Shiva
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God of the Universe
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Preserver of the Universe Creator God
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God of: Death Reincarnation As the Destroyer Naked Ascetic Train of Serpents Necklace of Skulls As the Reincarnation God: White, Blue Throat Seven Arms Three Eyes Carries Trident Rides a White Bull
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Reincarnation Supreme God Vishnu Divine and Heroic Defeated Monsters Depicted as Philosopher Hero Cowherd playing the flute
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God of Success Destroyer of Evil Education Wisdom Knowledge
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Devas-Celestial Beings in Hindu scriptures Depicted in mythology by: Art Architecture Icons Indian Epic P Ishvaras-Idea of Supreme God in one (Deva) form Choice based on: Personal Choice Family Traditional Areas Avatars-Decent of God to Earth in human form In order to: Restore Dharma in society Guide humans to Moksha Stories told Hindu Epic Poems mostly about: Krishna Vishnu Rama
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The Grihastha Dharma recognize four goals known as the puru ṣ hārthas. They are: Kama Sensual pleasure and enjoyment Artha Material prosperity and success Dharma Correct action, in accordance with one's particular duty and scriptural laws Moksha Liberation from the cycle of samsara
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Yogi- practioner of Yoga Texts include: Bhagavad Gita Yoga Sutras Hatha Yoga Type of Yoga Practiced Goal of Life Bhakti Goal Spiritual Perfection Jana Yoga Goal Pure Love
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Hindu Scriptures Divided Sruti (Revealed) Smriti (Remembered) Developed over hundreds of years Include Theology Philosophy Mythology Purpose Spiritual Insights Practice of Dharma
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Goal of Worship Awareness of God Blessings of a Deva Worship occurs at Home Temple Temples are dedicated to Dieties Most Hindus go Only during Festivals Hindus worship through --> Icons (Murtis) Image Link between God and Worshipper Image is Manifestation of God Hindu Sacred Art with Symbols from Mythology Literature Cultural Traditions
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Om Sound to which the universe was made
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Swastika Sign Prosperity
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Tilaka Dot on the forehead
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Lotus Flower representing enlightenment
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Chakra Energy Centers
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Veena String instrument like a guitar or sitar
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Hindus practice their faith in everything they do Do not simply go to church once a week Most have rituals at home Vary based on Family Traditions Area lived in Worship includes Worship at family shrine after meal at dawn Leave food or gifts at shrine Light candle or lamp Rituals practiced daily by Meditation Prayer Chanting Mantras Reciting Scripture
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Purpose of rituals Get pure rid pollution Purification Water Sacrifice or Merit Charity Improves Karma Reduces next life suffering Vedic rights Fire oblation (Yayna) Chanting mantras Weddings Burials
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Religious life-cycle rituals Annaprashan Baby’s 1 st intake of food Upanayanam “Sacred Thread Ceremony” For Upper Caste Children Formal induction into education system Shraadh Treating people to feasts for the dead Marriage and Engagement Decided by parents Dates chosen Astrologers Death Cremation Wrapped in cloth and burnt in a pyre
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Pilgramage Not mandatory Many undertake them Holy cities: Allahabad Haridwar Varanasi Vrindavan Notable temple cities Puri Vishnava Iagannath (Temple) Rath-Yatra Tirumala-Tirupati Holy sites Puri Rameswaram Dwarka Badrinath Pilgramages to Shakti Peethas Mother Goddess
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Celebrates Mythology Season Changes Maha Shivatra Great night of Shiva Holi Spring Festival of Colors Ram Navai Birthday of Hindu God Rama Krishna Janmastami Birth of the God Krishna Ganesh Chathrui Birthday of Lord Ganesh Dussera Very fun, colorful festival of the mother goddess Durga Puji Invokes the goddess Durga to protect the people against evil Diwali Festival of Lights Victory of good over evil
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Hindu society 4 classes called Varnas Brahmans Teachers, pritests Kshatryas Warriors, nobles, kings Vishyas Farmers, merchants, buisnessmen Shudras servants, laborers Untouchables Can not escape caste The caste born into Determined by past life
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