1. Part 4 – Teleostean Fishes - an Introduction Teleostei 38 orders 425 families ca. 4070 genera

2. Neopterygii (new fins) Teleostei (end bone) Vertebrata Osteichthyes (bony fishes) Actinopterygii (ray fins)

3. Teleostei – end bone

4. Caudal fin internally and externally symmetrical

6. Heterocercal Abreviate heterocercal The path to symmetry ex. sturgeon ex. primitive ray fin - Amia

7. Homocercal ex. teleost fish

8. Upper Jaw re-arranged

9. Primitive Maxilla forms much of upper jaw Amia

10. Premaxilla forms of upper jaw Teleost maxilla Maxilla excluded from gape

11. Primitive Teleost

12. Flexible, mobile jaws Teleost

13. Maxilla Premaxilla

14. Premaxillaries (paired) Maxilla Protrusible jaws

15. Variation on the theme

16. Jaw alterations lead to more efficient feeding and gill ventilation

17. Lightweight scales (no armor)

18. What do these features say about niche?

19. Fossil Teleosts Pholidophoriformes Leptolepidiformes

20. Living Teleosts – 4 living groups 3 primitive groups

21. Living Teleosts – 4 living groups 1 (huge ) derived group

22. Teleostei Four Living groups 1. 2. 3. 4.

23. Bony-tongues Eels Sardines, etc. Minnows, catfishes, etc. Advanced things (everybody else) Teleost fishes

24. Ray-finned fish diversity

25. Paired fins One of many trends…..

26. Some primitive teleosts Bony-tongues

27. Eels Some primitive teleosts

29. 19 th Century American Eel gigs

30. As decorative art

32. Some primitive teleosts Sardines, etc.

33. Anchovy fishery Herring fishery Sardines

34. Somewhat relatively primitive teleosts Minnows, catfishes, etc.

35. Freshwater specialists Ostariophysi Minnows, catfishes, etc.

36. Minnows, etc. 6500+ species ¼ known fishes 3/4 known f/w fishes

37. Spiny rayed fishes Advanced Teleosts