1. Capsicum: Origin, Botany, and Medicinal Uses Dominguez, Mylena Ferraz, Carolina Jujurova, Ilona

2. Solanacea Family http://www.playingwithfireandwater.com/foodplay/2012/10/nightshade.html

3. Most Common Capsicum Species SpeciesDomicilleExample Capsicum annuumMexicoBell Pepper, Poblano, Pepperocini Capsicum baccatumSouth AmericaAjí yellow Capsicum chinenseAmazonia and possibly Peru Habanero, Capsicum frutescens Central South America Tabasco C. pubescensSouth AmericaOrange Rocoto

4. Origin http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Maps_of_Neotropic

5. http://geri-hristova.blogspot.com/2011/11/what-is-hot.html

6. Sweet Peppers: A. Bell Pepper, B. Sweet Banana, C. Pimento Assorted Peppers: A. Bell Pepper B. Hungarian Hot Wax C. Habanero D. Jalapeño E. Cayenne F. Serrano Hot Peppers: A. Anaheim, B. Hungarian Wax, C. Jalapeño, D. Carribean, E. Habanero, F. Cayenne, G. Super Chile, H. Serrano

7. HISTORICAL USES Medicine and components of rituals Dishes Capsicum annuum Capsicum baccatum – to assist in child birth Capsicum chinense - stomach remedy, antidote to abdominal pain, counteractive to intoxication via hallucinogenic drinks. chechar.wordpress.com / 2012/02,29

8. MODERN USES Potential of Chilies: Pain relievers, cancer drugs, anti-inflammatory, antioxidants, weight loss aids Cardiovascular health and in the prevention of peptic ulcers Capsaicin is mention to promote : Pain relief Managing post-surgical pain Temporary relief for pain from mouth sores caused by chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Over painful areas aleathiasart.us chileseeds.co.uk honeycombs.com

9. MODERN USES The alternative medicine practitioners: Capsicum annum or Capsicum frutescens upset stomach menstrual cramps headaches shingles diarrhea loss of appetite stomach ulcers poor digestion sore throat itching alcoholism motion sickness toothache malaria yellow fever increase sexual potency foster weight loss strengthen the heart prevent colds, heart disease, and stroke More research is needed on other uses of Capsaicin (American Cancer Society, 2008) newrootsherbal.com

10. Capsaicin Topical Ointments Capsules

11. Nutrition facts Vitamin C Vitamin A Lycopene B vitamins Active ingredient: Active Ingredient:

12. Research Anticancer properties Tumor Cell Growth Inhibition Is Correlated With Levels Of Capsaicin Present in Hot Peppers (2010) In vitro experiment Cancer cell specific activity Activation of Caspase 3  Cell apoptosis Dose dependent www.adammuratoff.com

13. Research Prevention of Gastric Ulcers Small doses of capsaicin given intragastrically inhibit basal gastric secretion in healthy human subjects Extensive study done in Hungary Small doses of capsaicin (3x 400 μg orally) protect gastric mucosa Gastric acid output inhibition

14. Research

15. Effects on LDL oxidation Effects of daily ingestion of chili on serum lipoprotein oxidation in adult men and women (2005). Participants divided into 2 groups: Bland diet (no chili) Chili diet (30g of chili/day) After 4 weeks, “chili group” had a lower rate of LDL oxidation.

16. Toxicity In high doses: Irritant Carcinogenic (200mg/day) TMDI (maximum daily intake): 0.2 mg/kg bw