1. Project X RD&D Plan 325 MHz Linac including High Intensity Neutrino Source (HINS) Program Bob Webber AAC Meeting February 3, 2009

2. Page 2 AAC, February 3, 2009 – Bob Webber Outline Scope of the 325 MHz Linac section Requirements of the 325 MHz Linac section Current Configuration of the 325 MHz Linac Primary technical issues Description of the role and scope of the HINS program Strategy to address technical issues Goals of the RD&D plan by year Possible collaborators Summary

3. Page 3 AAC, February 3, 2009 – Bob Webber 325 MHz Linac Scope To be clear, there is just one Project X Linac based on an integrated and comprehensive accelerator physics design to meet Project X beam requirements Project X Initial Configuration Document (ICD) specifies two major Linac subsystems: –A front end linac operating at 325 MHz –An 8 GeV linac operating at 1300MHz The differentiation is for project management convenience The 325 MHz Linac subsystem: –Comprises the low-energy end of the Project X Linac –Includes the ion source and the entire accelerator upstream of the 1.3 GHz cavity section

4. Page 4 AAC, February 3, 2009 – Bob Webber 325 MHz Linac Requirements Serve as the low-energy front-end to the 1.3 GHz Linac section Deliver 1.25 msec pulses of 1.6E14 H- ions at 420 MeV at pulse rates up to 5 Hz Provide transverse and longitudinal beam emittance and bunch parameters required to: –Match into the 1.3 GHz Linac –Avoid unacceptable beam losses at high energies Incorporate, into the 1.25 msec beam pulse, a 53 MHz structure to facilitate pseudo bunch-to-bucket transfer into the Recycler Ring and an 89 kHz structure to facilitate a 700 microsecond abort/extraction gap in the Recycler ring

5. Page 5 AAC, February 3, 2009 – Bob Webber 325 MHz Linac Configuration per ICD Configuration is based on Proton Driver/HINS design and technologies 50 keV H- ion source 2.5 MeV RFQ 2.5 MeV Medium Energy Beam Transport (MEBT) including two re-buncher RF cavities and a 325 MHz beam chopper Sixteen copper crossbar-H cavities in room temperature section to 10 MeV Eighteen β=0.22 SC single-spoke resonator (SSR1) cavities to 30 MeV Thirty-three β =0.4 SC single-spoke resonator (SSR2) cavities to 120 MeV Forty-two β =0.6 SC triple-spoke resonator (TSR) cavities to 420 MeV SC solenoids provide transverse focusing from the RFQ through the SSR2 section SC quadrupoles provide transverse focusing starting in the TSR section. Seven (eight)Toshiba E3740A(Fermi) 2.5 MW klystrons driven by Fermilab bouncer-type pulse modulators provide the necessary RF power RF distribution system with fast ferrite vector modulators for amplitude and phase control of each individual

6. Page 6 AAC, February 3, 2009 – Bob Webber 325 MHz Linac Technical Issues The RD&D Document identifies 325 MHz Linac issues as: –Physics Design –Ion Source –Accelerating structure design –RF power, distribution and control systems –Magnets, magnet power supplies, and other DC/pulsed power supply systems –Cryogenics –Controls –Beam Instrumentation

7. Page 7 AAC, February 3, 2009 – Bob Webber 325 MHz Linac Technical Tasks First task is to re-assess and validate or modify the ICD configuration Within the context of the comprehensive Project X design, with realistic upgrade paths considered, and based on a performance/cost/risk assessment –Establish the physics design of the 325 MHz Linac –Establish the transition energy between 325 and 1300 MHz Linac sections –Identify the “technology of choice” for accelerating structures and focusing elements, e.g. HINS or more conventional technologies –Identify “technology of choice” for RF power generation, distribution, and control Technical development tasks assuming the ICD configuration –Issues being addressed by HINS Program  Room Temperature Linac section design  SSR1 cavity and cryostat development  High Power RF vector modulator development  Solenoidal focusing system development –Development of SSR2 and Triple-spoke SC cavities and spoke cavity cryomodules –Incorporation of beam instrumentation into the physics and mechanical design Generation of CD-1 and CD-2 level engineering design and documentation for all 325 MHz Linac systems

8. Page 8 AAC, February 3, 2009 – Bob Webber Goals of HINS Program Stated Mission - To address accelerator physics and technology questions for a new concept, low-energy, high intensity, long- pulse H- superconducting Linac; in particular, to demonstrate: –beam acceleration using superconducting spoke-type cavity structures starting at a beam energy of 10 MeV –multiple high power RF vector modulators controlling RF cavities driven by a single high power klystron for acceleration of a non- relativistic beam –beam halo and emittance growth control by the use of solenoid focusing optics –a fast, 325 MHz bunch-by-bunch, beam chopper The recent scope of HINS included two CM of β = 0.2 SSR1 and one CM of β = 0.4 SSR2 spoke cavities to achieve 60 MeV The SSR2 CM effort was recently dropped from the program

9. Page 9 AAC, February 3, 2009 – Bob Webber HINS vis a vis Project X Management and funding of HINS currently remains independent of, but not oblivious to, Project X –HINS managers participate intimately in Project X developments HINS efforts are expected to continue in support of Project X technology choices and upgrade options Integration of HINS management and funding with Project X will be considered subsequent to Project X CD-0 Whether/when the integration actually occurs will be strongly coupled to whether or not HINS is expected to serve as the Project X front end –If yes, the answer is obviously quick and complete integration –If no, the intent would be to keep HINS as a separate program aimed at a Project X upgrade developments HINS is the path to achieve technology demonstrations that are important to Project X in the 2009-2012 time frame HINS future scope –Currently includes two SSR1 CM taking beam to 30 MeV –the original HINS goals could be substantially achieved with 20 MeV beam provided by just one SSR1 CM

10. Page 10 AAC, February 3, 2009 – Bob Webber RFQ Installed in HINS Facility

11. Page 11 AAC, February 3, 2009 – Bob Webber Recent SC Spoke Cavity VTS Q vs E Results Blue - Q vs. E first (lower) and second (upper) power sweep Red – measured radiation Orange- Q vs. E at 2 K Blue (small) – Q vs. E at 4 K Green – Q vs. E at 4 K after second, slow cool down holding at ~100 K for ~ 7 hrs to ‘invite’ Q disease Blue (large) –radiation at 4 K Red –radiation at 2 K RF power limited

12. Page 12 AAC, February 3, 2009 – Bob Webber Technical Strategy Global Linac Physics and Engineering Design –Establish a performance/cost/risk assessment basis for judging alternative designs –Identify credible technical alternatives within the requirements of the comprehensive Linac physics design –Flesh out the performance and engineering aspects of alternative technologies to the point of being able to assign performance, cost, and risk weights –Make decisions Continue HINS R&D Program –Integrate with Project X as suitable –Develop, test and demonstrate with beam  SSR1 cavities and cryomodule  High power RF vector modulator  Solenoidal focusing elements Establish collaborative commitments as soon as possible Following decision on comprehensive design and technology decision –Begin SSR2 and TSR cavity and cryomodule or alternative accelerating structure developments with the efforts of collaborators

13. Page 13 AAC, February 3, 2009 – Bob Webber 325 MHz Linac RD&D Goals and Timeline FY09 –Continue work on comprehensive accelerator physics design –Investigate and document alternative technologies –Produce all documentation, based on current ICD document, required for positive CD-0 decision –Continue HINS program emphasizing goals important to Project X, especially first pulsed power test of SSR1 FY10 –Establish collaboration commitments –Continue HINS program –Complete the basic 325 MHz Linac design and technology decisions –Begin  Ion source development,  SSR2 and TSR cavity electromagnetic and mechanical design (or alternate technology) and procure material for prototypes  Low level RF development  Systems integration efforts for other 325 MHz Linac systems –Produce CDR documentation required for positive CD-1 decision in early FY11

14. Page 14 AAC, February 3, 2009 – Bob Webber 325 MHz Linac RD&D Goals and Timeline FY11 –Continue  Ion Source prototyping and testing  SSR2 and TSR (or alternate) prototype fabrication  Vector modulator and RF distribution system development  Beam instrumentation prototype design and fabrication –Begin documentation and cost baselines required for CD-2 in FY12 FY12 –Complete fabrication and processing of prototype accelerating structures; begin testing with RF power –Complete  Ion source development  RF power distribution system design development  Beam instrumentation prototyping –Complete all documentation required for positive CD-2 decision in FY12

15. Page 15 AAC, February 3, 2009 – Bob Webber 325 MHz Collaborators Some expressions of interest from the November 2008 Project X Collaborators Meeting –ANL  Physics design and tracking simulations  Spoke cavity and cryomodule development, esp. triple spokes –CERN  Chopper development  High power RF vector modulator development –Indian institutions  All aspects of superconducting cavity, power coupler and cryomodule design, fabrication, and testing –JLAB  SC cavity processing and dressing  Cryogenics systems design –LBNL  Low level RF  Low energy (RFQ/MEBT) section design and components  Beam Instrumentation –SNS  Ion Source

16. Page 16 AAC, February 3, 2009 – Bob Webber Summary The Project X ICD describes the 325 MHz low-energy section of the Project X Linac extending to 420 MeV and based on HINS technologies First priority post-CD-0 effort is to confirm or modify this configuration based on alternative design, performance, cost, and risk studies The HINS program actively pursues and is accomplishing technological developments important to Project X and its upgrade paths Integration of HINS management and funding with Project X will be considered after Project X CD-0 in a manner and at a time likely influenced by Project X alternative technology assessments The January 2008 RD&D document identifies the issues important to the 325 MHz Linac and lays out a timeline for addressing those –With the addition of SSR2 design, the issues remain otherwise unchanged –Schedule needs to be shifted by one year Potential collaborators for major 325 MHz Linac systems and components have made their interests known