1. MLA Formatting

2. What is MLA? MLA: “Modern Language Association” Provides style and academic writing rules – English uses MLA, other subjects may require different styles e.g. history uses Chicago Style instead of MLA

3. Quotations vs. Citations Quotation: a sentence taken directly from a text, with nothing changed – Must be in quotation marks e.g. The narrator in “Up” says that the future feels “as immense as outer space”. Paraphrase: putting an author’s ideas into your own words – No quotation marks e.g. The narrator in “Up” says that the future feels like it is as big as all of space. Citation: a note after a quotation or paraphrase to say where the information comes from – Author’s family name and page number in brackets e.g. The narrator in “Up” says that the future feels “as immense as outer space” (Atwood 257). e.g. The narrator in “Up” says that the future feels like it is as big as all of space (Atwood 257).

4. In-Text Citations Things you need: 1)Author’s family name (always last in English) 2)Page # that the quotation is on Process: 1)Put the family name and page number in brackets -Do not put a comma between them. Do not write “page”, “pg.”, or anything else 2)Citation goes after the quotation 3)Citation goes before the punctuation at the end of the sentence. Example: In Twelve Angry Men, the judge warns the jurors that if they vote guilty, “the death sentence is mandatory” (Rose 5).

5. In-Text Citations Which one is correct? – Captain Hook was successful because “the pirate attack had been a complete surprise” (James Barrie 87). – Captain Hook was successful because “the pirate attack had been a complete surprise.” (Barrie 87). – Captain Hook was successful because “the pirate attack had been a complete surprise” (Barrie 87). – Captain Hook was successful because “the pirate attack had been a complete surprise” (James, 87). – Captain Hook was successful because “the pirate attack had been a complete surprise” (Barrie page 87).

6. In-Text Citations: Details Q: Do I need a citation for every quotation? A: Yes. Q: What if I don’t want to use a really long quotation, but I need the part at the end? A: Use ellipses (…) to show where you have removed part of the quotation Example: “All arms were extended to him, as if suddenly blown in his direction; they were beseeching him mutely not to desert them” Peter saw that “all arms were extended to him … they were beseeching him mutely not to desert them” (Barrie 86). Q: What if I need to change a word to make the grammar work? A: Use square brackets [ ] to show the part you changed Example: “I cannot strike” Peter Pan tries to punish Tootles by shooting him with his arrow, but then he says “[he] cannot strike” (Barrie 47).

7. Works Cited A page at the end of your essay that lists all the sources you have quoted Includes publication data This goes on its own page: even if you have room at the bottom of your essay, it must be on a new page!

8. Works Cited Information Author: Full name Title of text – Novels and plays are in italics – “Short Stories” and “poems” are in quotation marks Name of anthology or collection is in italics Editor’s name (if applicable) City of publication Publishing company Year publication – Choose the earliest year listed in your book Medium – Print: a physical copy of a book or poem – Web: a website

9. Works Cited: Books Structure FamilyName, FirstName. Title of Book. City: Company, Year. Medium. Example Barrie, James. Peter Pan. Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor Media Group, 2003.

10. Works Cited: Stories or Poems in an Anthology Structure FamilyName, FirstName. “Title of Story.” Title of Book. Ed. Editor’s Name. City: Company, Year. Medium. Pages. Example Johnston, Basil. “One Generation From Extinction.” Native Writers and Canadian Writing. Ed. William New. Vancouver: UBC Press, 1990. Print. 10-18.

11. Works Cited: Websites Structure FamilyName, FirstName. “Title of Page.” Name of Website. Company. Date of website update. Medium. Date you visited the website. Example “Learning Styles.” Wikipedia. The Wikimedia Foundation. 2013. Web. 7 October 2013.

12. Try it: Twelve Angry Men Information You Will Need Name of author Name of play City of publication Publishing company Date of first publication Medium Structure FamilyName, FirstName. Title. City: Company, Year. Medium.

13. Try it: “The Shivering Tree” Information You Will Need Name of author Name of story Name of book Editor’ City of publication Publishing company Date of first publication Medium Page range Structure FamilyName, FirstName. “Title of Story.” Title of Book. Ed. Editor’s Name. City: Company, Year. Medium. Pages.

14. In-Text Citations: Review Write a sentence that uses the first sentence of “The Shivering Tree” as a quotation. Use a proper in-text citation to cite your source.

15. Formatting Notes A works cited page is part of your essay. It follow all the same formatting rules. That means: – Size 12, Times New Roman font – Double-spaced – Your family name & page number at top right

16. Rearrange the paragraph! Although they have different reasons, these examples show that the jurors do not see the defendant as their equal in society: they are willing to risk his life to appease their own warped senses of justice. Many of the jurors display prejudice that is based on either social or personal judgments. In contrast, Juror 3 wants to vote “not guilty” more because of his anger with his son than because of the evidence’s strength. For example, Juror 10 constantly refers to “those people” in a negative way, indicating a problem with the defendants’ social and/or cultural background. Twelve Angry Men is a play that examines the role of prejudice in the jury system.

17. Twelve Angry Men is a play that examines the role of prejudice in the jury system. Many of the jurors display prejudice that is based on either social or personal judgments. For example, Juror 10 constantly refers to “those people” in a negative way, indicating a problem with the defendants’ social and/or cultural background. In contrast, Juror 3 wants to vote “not guilty” more because of his anger with his son than because of the evidence’s strength. Although they have different reasons, these examples show that the jurors do not see the defendant as their equal in society: they are willing to risk his life to appease their own warped senses of justice.