1. Site-specific Wild Oat Operation Program (SWOOP) C Fernandez-Quintanilla, J Barroso, D Ruiz Centre for Environmental Studies, CSIC A Ribeiro, B Diaz, MC Garcia Alegre, D Guinea Institute of Automatics, CSIC

2. 1. Associations among site properties and abundance of wild oats

3. Soil types Wild oat density 1 2 3

4. 2. Detection systems for wild oat patches

7. Counting contacts

8. Visual assesment / walk

9. Visual assesment / combine

10. Economic comparison (C/ha) between the three assessment methods Method Contacts Visual/walk Visual/combine Sampling cost 36 36 9 Herbicide cost 33 25 18 Fixed costs 289 289 289 Yield benefit 390 387 382 NET RETURN 32 37 66

11. 3. Testing the SWOOP concept

12. Infestation level 0(<0,1 panícules/m2) 1(0,1-1 panícules/m2) 2(1-10 panícules/m2) 3(> 10 panícules/m2) Infestation map

13. Treatments: None 28 Assert 0.6 l/ha 43 Assert 1.25 l/ha 22 Assert 2.5 l/ha 7 % of area: % of area: Treatment map

14. Effects on barley yields

15. 4. Studying the spatial stability of wild oat patches

16. Relationship between: - panicle density (at harvest time) and - seedling density (at treatment time, next year) R2 = 0,59 Presence Abundance From season to season

17. 1999 2000 2001 2002 N STABILITY IN LOCATION Among various seasons

18. STABILITY IN LOCATION Test for stability of spatial distribution (Syrjala, 1996)

19. 199920002001 2002 STABILITY IN DENSITY Seedlings/m 2

20. STABILITY IN DENSITY y = -1,0424x + 2086 R 2 = 0,81 y = -0,9756x + 1951,9 R 2 = 0,69 y = -0,587x + 1174,5 R 2 = 0,61 0 1 2 3 4 19971998199920002001 Years log seedlings/m2