1. Point of View & Theme

2. Point of View is both important and informative. Discuss its importance in this picture.

3. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K3hAVT2sDqQ How was Will Smith’s point of view different from the others?

4. Third Person Limited Third Person Limited This narrator is a detached observer. They may follow a character around, but they do not comment on that character’s thoughts and feelings. The disadvantage of this narrator is that readers don’t usually make as deep a connection with the character

5. Examples of 3 rd Person Limited Kay Boyle’s “Astronomer’s Wife” – unconventional 3 rd PL because the narrator is very close to Mrs. Ames and records her thoughts and feelings. Katherine Anne Porter’s “The Jilting of Granny Weatherall” – 3PL stream-of-consciousness JK Rowling’s Harry Potter series: She mostly focuses on Harry, but strays at times to other characters’ hearts and minds.

6. Omniscient Narrators who know everything Can enter the minds of all characters to reveal what they think and feel. Disadvantages: Can lead to judgment about the actions of some characters. Distracts readers and leads them to question who the main character is.

7. Omniscient Examples Huxley’s Brave New World: We get to know everything about every character—even the subconscious details they don't realize themselves. Check this out: "He knew that what he was saying was absurd in its injustice … But in spite of this knowledge … Bernard continued perversely to nourish … a secret grievance against the Savage." Hurston’s Their Eyes were Watching God: In the first chapter, it’s clear that the narrator is omniscient because she gives insight into the thoughts of Janie, Pheoby, and the gossipy Eatonville women sitting on their porches. Janie’s life story appears as a flashback told by the omniscient narrator. The only portions told in Janie’s voice are in quotations, so those sections are not strict narration, but dialogue. Also: 1984 and Pride and Prejudice

8. First Person This is when the character of the story is the narrator. This leads to a much closer understanding of the character since the reader knows what the character thinks and why he or she is doing what they are doing. The major disadvantage of this narrator is the character’s trustworthiness. Are we prejudiced against the characters that get in our hero's way? o Pay attention to clues given to see if this narrator is trustworthy.

9. Examples of First Person Raymond Carver’s “Cathedral”: The narrator is leading us through the changes he undergoes over the course of a single evening. He has a somewhat offensive sense of humor, and isn't afraid to make himself the butt of all the jokes. Kurt Vonnegut’s Slaughterhouse Five: Called Peripheral First Person. The narrator is definitely a character in this novel: we get first-person sections in both the first and last chapters, and he pops up periodically throughout Billy's travels through Germany. The narrator also spends most of his time telling us about Billy rather than about his own life, which is why we can call him peripheral: he's everywhere, but he's on the sidelines.

10. Create a sentence with your partner about the people in this picture using each of the points of view.

11. A Bazaar is a large open air market place

12. “Observing me, the young lady came over and asked me did I wish to buy anything. The tone of her voice was not encouraging; she seemed to have spoken to me out of a sense of duty. I looked humbly at the great jars that stood like eastern guards at either side of the dark entrance to the stall and murmured: 'No, thank you.' The young lady changed the position of one of the vases and went back to the two young men. They began to talk of the same subject. Once or twice the young lady glanced at me over her shoulder. I lingered before her stall, though I knew my stay was useless, to make my interest in her wares seem the more real. Then I turned away slowly and walked down the middle of the bazaar. I allowed the two pennies to fall against the sixpence in my pocket. I heard a voice call from one end of the gallery that the light was out. The upper part of the hall was now completely dark. Gazing up into the darkness I saw myself as a creature driven and derided by vanity; and my eyes burned with anguish and anger.” What details from the scene reveal the narrator’s conclusions about himself and his trip to the bazaar? Based on the details provided by the narrator, how do you feel about the woman in the scene.

13. Theme Theme is a story’s idea or point. o For a fable, the theme is its moral o For a parable it is its teaching o For a short story it is its implied view of life. You find theme by abstracting it from the details of the characters; from their lives, thoughts, and actions.

14. Example of Theme One theme in Carver’s “Cathedral” revolves around the idea of transformation. Talk to your team about some of the transformations that occur.

15. Carver’s “Cathedral” transformations: from sober to intoxicated sleeping to waking hungry to full Even though these are small transformations, something about Carver's style helps us feel the importance of these seemingly small and usual changes. Bigger transformation: The 3 main characters are at a crossroads. Before they come together for the evening, we know that someone or something has to change or someone is likely to get hurt. Fortunately, change does occur, and in a beautiful and unexpected way. By the end of the tale, all the characters will experience dramatic change, and even renewed vision. "Cathedral" explores the possibility of positive transformation through creative communication.

16. “Observing me, the young lady came over and asked me did I wish to buy anything. The tone of her voice was not encouraging; she seemed to have spoken to me out of a sense of duty. I looked humbly at the great jars that stood like eastern guards at either side of the dark entrance to the stall and murmured: 'No, thank you.' The young lady changed the position of one of the vases and went back to the two young men. They began to talk of the same subject. Once or twice the young lady glanced at me over her shoulder. I lingered before her stall, though I knew my stay was useless, to make my interest in her wares seem the more real. Then I turned away slowly and walked down the middle of the bazaar. I allowed the two pennies to fall against the sixpence in my pocket. I heard a voice call from one end of the gallery that the light was out. The upper part of the hall was now completely dark. Gazing up into the darkness I saw myself as a creature driven and derided by vanity; and my eyes burned with anguish and anger.” Create a statement of theme that can be inferred from the scene above.