1. Climate Variability and Weather Disasters —Awareness of the Changing Climate Ms. JIAO Meiyan Department of Forecasting Services and Disaster Mitigation China Meteorological Administration December, 7 2007. Geneva

2. Outline: I.Weather Disasters in China II.Climate Variability (in terms of temperature, precipitation) and the Impact III.Cases of Extreme Events

3. Typhoon Rananim in 2004 lasting 108 hours The Distribution of Meteorological Disasters in China Weather Disasters in China, in terms of Frequency, Variety and Severity.

4. Major Weather Disasters in China ( in Percentage) Drought Flooding TCs and HailOthers

5. The Losses by Meteorological Disasters Losses per year: 178 billion RMB Death per year: 4427 death Economic Losses in Portion of GDP: 1%-3%

6. The Warmest Climate Normal temp. 10.8 ℃ 12.1 ℃ Monthly Mean Temperature Variations in China 1951-2006 annual mean temperature anomaly and that of the wintertime, both relative to the mean of 1961-1990. The whole year Wintertime (DJF)

7. Trend of the cold surge occurrences during 1961-2005 Decrease Increase

8. Annual hot days (Tmax>35 o C) in China during 1961-2006 Days

9. Drought Frequency (1961-2006) in China More than 70%

10. Acreage (!0 4 Hectare) Annual acreage of the crop suffered from the drought in China during 1951-2006 Suffered from the drought and with the reduction of the crop production Influenced by the drought Impact on the Agriculture

11. Reduction (10 4 ton) Reduction in grain production in China due to the droughts

12. Annual mean Precip. (mm) (1971-2000) Change (percentage) in annual mean Precip. During 1957-2006 Trend of Precipitation Reduced by 60%

13. Trend of the heavy or extreme rainfall occurrence IPCC AR4, 2007 ＋： increase －： decrease

14. Trends in the heavy rainfall days in the mainland of China in recent 50 Yrs Increase significantly decrease significantly Increase decrease Trend of the heavy rainfall in China

15. Rainy days with R>50mm 54 69 98,99 80 96 61-70ys: 2.2d 71-80ys: 2.1d 81-90ys: 2.4d 91-00ys: 3.1d

16. Annual Flooding Frequency (1961-2006) More than 70%

17. Suffered from flooding with the reduction of crop Suffered from flooding Acreage (!0 4 Hectare) Annual acreage of the crop suffered from the flooding 1951-2006 年中国年农作物雨涝受灾及成灾面积历年变化

18. Major typhoon tracks for China

19. Number of TC landing in China during 1961-2006 Number of strong TC (wind speed >32.7m/s) landing in China during 1961-2006

20. Economic loss caused by TCs in China during 1982-2006

21. An Extreme Rain Storm in Jinan, Capital of Shandong Provence Hourly Maximum Rainfall 151 mm Caused 37 Deaths Sudden Severe Weather Occurs Frequently Cases of Extreme Events

22. A heavy lightening event hit a school in the rural area and caused 7 children death and 43 people injured. Lightening Event Lightening Event Monitoring Children injured and Death by lightening every year

23. Drought Related Disasters Rain-making Actions

24. The number of days with heat waves The max temperature (heat waves) hits the historical records in many cities Heat Wave Events