1. Beat Tracking (節拍追蹤) 張智星 (Roger Jang) jang@mirlab.org
多媒體資訊檢索實驗室
清華大學 資訊工程系

2. Beat Tracking (節拍追蹤) 目標： 技術困難點： Tempo estimation: 計算音訊音樂的節奏
如何計算onset的位置
如何辨識鼓聲的重複出現性
如何達到即時辨識的效果
如何移植到微控制器（玩具或機器人應用）

3. Flowchart Audio signal Onset strength estimation
Tempo curve generation
Beat tracking
Beat positions

4. Available Datasets
MIREX 2006 MCK Dataset : 160 pieces with marked up beat locations as constant tempo.
Original
Mixed
MIREX 2009 MAZ Dataset : a subset of 367 pieces with marked up beat locations as time-varying tempo.
Original
Mixed

5. Performance Index Performance Evaluation function:
F-measure - the standard calculation as used in onset evaluation but with a 70ms window.
Cemgil - beat accuracy is calculated using a Gaussian error function with 40ms standard deviation.
Goto - binary decision of correct or incorrect tracking based on statistical properties of a beat error sequence.
PScore - McKinney's impulse train cross-correlation method as used in 2006.
CMLc, CMLt, AMLc, AMLt - continuity-based evaluation methods based on the longest continuously correctly tracked section.
D, Dg - information based criteria based on analysis of a beat error histogram.

6. MIREX 2010 Result: MCK Dataset
Algorithm ID
BES3~4
GP3~6
LGG1~2
MRVCC1~2
NW1
TL2
ZTC1
Contributors
Sebastian Böck, Florian Eyben, Bjoern Schuller.
Geoffroy Peeters.
João Lobato Oliveira, Fabien Gouyon, Luis Gustavo Martins.
Raul Mata Campos, Francisco Jose Rodriguez Serrano, Pedro Vera-Candeas, Julio José Carabias-Orti, Francisco Jesus Canadas Quesada.
Nicolas Wack, Eduard Aylon.
Tsung-Chi Lee.
Yongwei Zhu, Hui Li Tan, Lekha Chaisorn.

7. MIREX 2010 Result: MAZ Dataset
Algorithm ID
BES3~4
GP3~6
LGG1~2
MRVCC1~2
NW1
TL2
ZTC1
Contributors
Sebastian Böck, Florian Eyben, Bjoern Schuller.
Geoffroy Peeters.
João Lobato Oliveira, Fabien Gouyon, Luis Gustavo Martins.
Raul Mata Campos, Francisco Jose Rodriguez Serrano, Pedro Vera-Candeas, Julio José Carabias-Orti, Francisco Jesus Canadas Quesada.
Nicolas Wack, Eduard Aylon.
Tsung-Chi Lee.
Yongwei Zhu, Hui Li Tan, Lekha Chaisorn.

8. Applications and Demos
Potential applications
Toys
Robots
Interactive music
Music analysis and classification
Demos
Beat tracking of constant-tempo music

9. 節拍追蹤：應用面
可能應用面 玩具
機器人
互動音樂
音樂分析與分類