1. IB Business & Management
Unit 2.1
Changing Work Patterns

2. Changing Employment Patterns and Practices
Flexitime
Part-time
employment
Portfolio
Working
Home
working
Teleworking
Flexible
Work
Structures
Ageing
Population
Employment
sector
Changes In
Patterns

3. Employment Sectors
Changing proportions of workers working in Primary, Secondary and Tertiary Sectors.

4. Aging Population Falling birth rate Longer life expectancy
Increase in retirement age
Companies have to be more prepared to employ and train older workers

5. Flexible Work Structures
In order to cut costs and improve efficiency, companies are trying to make their workforce more flexible
This could involve:
Flexible organisation structures
Flexible working hours
Temporary contracts
Multi-skilling

6. Handy’s Shamrock Organisation
Charles Handy proposed the concept. A Shamrock organisation will have: Core Staff – Full time Staff -Vital but becoming an increasingly smaller group Peripheral Workers – part-time, casual, temporary and portfolio workers Outsourced Workers – Workers not employed by the organisation but paid to complete specialist tasks

7. Teleworking and Homeworking
Both are when workers are working outside of the workplace and communicating using electronic forms of communication
Home-working specifically refers to when workers work from home
What would the advantages and disadvantages be

8. Portfolio Working
A portfolio worker is one who is employed by a variety of different businesses/customers simultaneously
They will undertake projects for different companies
They can charge per hour or per project
This is known as Adhoc employment

9. Part time Employment
An increasing number of workers work Part-time in developed economies
Why do you think this is?
Part-time staff in Europe have the same rights as full time staff
Labour turnover tends to be higher – why?
Some companies use Job-sharing

10. Flexi-time A movement away from the traditional work time of 9-5
An alternative to this is:
Shift work – Some businesses work 24 hours per day
Flexitime- Workers have a contracted number of hours and can work then when they wish to within certain parameters
What are the benefits of this to the business?

11. Task Read the case study “Flexible working at Lloyds TSB’
Answer the questions