1. Copyright, 2000-2004 1 Creative Licensing to Expand Australia’s Public Domain Roger Clarke Xamax Consultancy Pty Ltd, Canberra Visiting Professor, Baker Cyberlaw Centre, UNSW Chair, AEShareNet Limited http://www.anu.edu.au/people/Roger.Clarke/........ II/CCLic.html,.... EC/Bled04.html http://www.anu.edu.au/people/Roger.Clarke/CNotice.html 11 May2004

2. Copyright, 2000-2004 2 Open Source Software Licences are available under liberal terms The rationale is to enable cumulative fixing and enhancement, by exposing the source-code to the view of many people The ‘Free Software’ movement, since 1982 ‘free as in speech, not free as in beer’ Unix, Apache, Linux, OpenOffice, etc. The ‘Open Source Initiative’, since 1998

3. Copyright, 2000-2004 3 Open Source Software – Licence Terms Ready Availability of: a licence executable code and source-code Licence Permissions to: run the executable reproduce both executable and source re-distribute both executable and source adapt the source distribute adapted executables and source distribute within larger software packages Licence Constraints to: ensure that redistribution is no less liberal prevent subversion of the objectives

4. Copyright, 2000-2004 4 Open Content Content is available under liberal terms The rationale is to enable access Shared Learning-and-Teaching Materials The explosion in materials accessible on the Web Collectively authored resources, e.g. wikipedia The ‘Open Content’ movement The ‘Creative Commons’ movement

5. Copyright, 2000-2004 5 Open Content Licensing Choices Ownership Exclusivity Sub-Licensing Integrity Protection Entirety Copyright Notice Reproduction Control Permission Use(s) / User(s) Republishing Control Permission Format(s)/Media Incorporation Protections Adaptation Control Permission Review Distinguishability Copyright Vesting Usage Territory Purposes Person-Types Fields of Endeavour Liability Management Warranties Indemnities Pricing One-Time Repetitive

6. Copyright, 2000-2004 6 The Ideologies of Copyright and Copyleft

7. Copyright, 2000-2004 7 Open Content Business Models Direct and Immediate Reciprocity in particular, ‘open but not gratis’, especially volume sales at low rates per access or copy Indirect and/or Deferred Reciprocity community-members give as well as take quality and security through feedback access to enhancements and extensions Revenue from Complementary Services network-building, search for network-effects viral marketing reputation-building and -enhancement

8. Copyright, 2000-2004 8 Specific Open Content Initiatives N.S.W. Crown Copyright Licences (1995, 1996, 2001) http://www.agd.nsw.gov.au/__4a2565d200027216.nsf/0/f39cefde bdbcc270ca256e4d007bbaee?OpenDocument AEShareNet U, P, S and C licences (1998, 2002) http://www.aesharenet.com.au/coreBusiness/ Creative Commons (U.S., 2002) http://creativecommons.org Creative Commons (Aust., 2004) – QUT/Blakes http://creativecommons.org/projects/international/au/ AEShareNet FfE – Free for Education Licence (2004) http://www.aesharenet.com.au/FfE/

9. Copyright, 2000-2004 9 Key References AEShareNet (2004) 'The FfE (Free for Education) Copyright Licence' AEShareNet Limited, 2004, at http://www.aesharenet.com.au/FfE Barlow J.P. (1994) ' The Economy of Ideas ' Wired 2.03 (March 1994), at http://www.wired.com/wired/archive/2.03/economy.ideas_pr.html Cedergren M. (2003) ' Open Content and Value Creation ' First Monday 8, 8 (August 2003), at http://firstmonday.org/issues/issue8_8/cedergren/index.html Clarke R. (2003) 'Copyright: The Spectrum of Content Licensing ' Xamax Consultancy Pty Ltd, July 2003, at http://www.anu.edu.au/people/Roger.Clarke/EC/CCLic.html Clarke R. (2004) ‘ Open Source Software and Open Content As Models for eBusiness ’ Proc. 17th Int’l eCommerce Conf., Bled, Slovenia, 21-23 June 2004, at http://www.anu.edu.au/people/Roger.Clarke/EC/Bled04.html Creative Commons Australia, at http://creativecommons.org/projects/international/au/