 The Skeletal System - 2

Anatomy of a Long Bone  Diaphysis  Shaft  Mostly compact bone

Anatomy of a Long Bone  Periosteum  Outside covering of the diaphysis  Fibrous connective tissue  Sharpey ’ s fibers  Secure periosteum to underlying bone  Arteries  Supply bone cells with nutrient

Anatomy of a Long Bone

 Epiphysis  Ends of the bone  Composed mostly of spongy bone

Anatomy of a Long Bone  Articular cartilage  Covers surface of the epiphyses  Decreases friction at joint surfaces

Anatomy of a Long Bone  Epiphyseal plate  Flat plate of hyaline cartilage seen in young, growing bone  Epiphyseal line  Remnant of the epiphyseal plate  Seen in adult bones

Anatomy of a Long Bone

 Medullary cavity  Cavity inside of the shaft  Contains yellow marrow (mostly fat) in adults  Contains red marrow (for blood cell formation) in infants

Bone Markings  Are bones smooth surfaces?  Femur

 Are bones smooth surfaces?  Tibia

Bone Markings  Are bones smooth surfaces?  Mandible

Bone Markings  Are bones smooth surfaces?  Optical canal

Compact vs. Spongy bone

Microscopic Anatomy of Compact Bone  Osteocytes: mature bone cells  Lacunae:

Microscopic Anatomy of Compact Bone  Lamella:

Microscopic Anatomy of Compact Bone  Central (Haverersian) Canals:

Microscopic Anatomy of Compact Bone  Central (Haverersian) Canals:  RUN LENGTHWISE!

Microscopic Anatomy of Compact Bone  Osteon (Haversian System):

Microscopic Anatomy of Compact Bone

 Canaliculi:  Hint: which way do central canals run?

Microscopic Anatomy of Compact Bone

 This eleaborate network of canals ensures bone cells are well nourished  What significance does this have?

 Perforating (Volkmann’s) canals:  Run through compact bone at right angles to the shaft

Matching Game  fa04-2e88- 8b23de2a630c/1/human_bio_science_3b.zip/content/003_mus culo_skeletal_support/page_06.htm