In C programming, one of the frequently arising problem is to handle similar types of data. For example: If the user want to store marks of 100 students.

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Presentation transcript:

In C programming, one of the frequently arising problem is to handle similar types of data. For example: If the user want to store marks of 100 students. This can be done by creating 100 variable individually but, this process is rather tedious and impracticable. These type of problem can be handled in C programming using arrays. Arrays

An array is a sequence of data item of homogeneous value(same type). Arrays are of two types: 1.One-dimensional arrays 2.Multidimensional arrays Arrays

Declaration of One-Dimensional Array data_type array_name[array_size]; For example: int age[5]; Here, the name of array is age.The size of array is 5,i.e., there are 5 items(elements) of array age. All element in an array are of the same type (int, in this case). Note that, the first element is numbered 0 and so on.

Arrays can be initialized at declaration time in this source code as: int age[5]={2,4,34,3,4};

It is not necessary to define the size of arrays during initialization. int age[]={2,4,34,3,4}; In this case, the compiler determines the size of array by calculating the number of elements of an array

Arrays with multi-dimension data_type array_name[array_size][array_size]…; C programming language allows programmer to create arrays of arrays known as multidimensional arrays. For example: float a[2][6]; Here, a is an array of two dimension, which is an example of multidimensional array.

In C, multidimensional arrays can be initialized in different number of ways: int c[2][3]={{1,3,0}, {-1,5,9}}; OR int c[][3]={{1,3,0}, {-1,5,9}}; OR int c[2][3]={1,3,0,-1,5,9}; Initialization of Multidimensional Arrays

Strings are declared in C in similar manner as arrays. Only difference is that, strings are of char type. char s[5]; Attention ! - Strings can also be multi-dimensioned but we will discuss it later… Strings Syntax >> char array_name[element_amount];

#include //They included by string.h library -strrev -strlen -strcpy -strcat -strcmp Generally Used String Functions

strrev strrev(variable_name) -Reflects the string…

strlen strlen(variable_name) - Returns the number of elements in string…

strcpy strcpy(variable1_name,variable2_name) - Makes a copy of a string…

strcat strcat(variable1_name,variable2_name) - Appends a string to the end of another string…

strcmp strcmp(variable1_name,variable2_name) - Compares two strings alphabetically…