Levels Of Organization 7.12C- recognize levels of organization in plants and animals, including cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, and organisms.

Title: Hierarchy of Organization Complete on page 61 Draw a pyramid like the one below with 13 rows. Place in order the twelve terms with the smallest term at the bottom of the pyramid. The terms are as follows: biosphere, atom, community, molecule, biome, cell, tissue, ecosystem, organ, organ system, organism, population, organelle

Smallest parts of matter Recall from 6th grade science: the smallest parts of matter are atoms. The Latin word atoma literally means indivisible Atoms come together to form molecules. These molecules make up the organelles or components of a cell.

The levels of organization from simplest to most complex are: Cells Tissues Organs Organ System Organism

Cells The unit of life and the basic unit of structure and function in the human body Though all cells perform the processes that keep humans alive, they also have specialized functions as well. Examples may be nerve cells (neurons), blood cells, and bone cells.

Tissues A group of specialized cells that work together to perform the same function. There are four basic types of tissue in the human body: Nerve tissue Muscle tissue Epithelial tissue Connective tissue

Tissues Nerve tissue – carries impulses back and forth to the brain from the body

Muscle tissue Muscle tissue – (cardiac, smooth, skeletal) contract and shorten, making body parts move There are 3 types: Skeletal Cardiac Smooth

3. Epithelial tissue – covers the surfaces of the body, inside (as lining and /or covering of internal organs) and outside (as layer of skin)

4. Connective tissue – connects all parts of the body and provides support (for example tendons, ligaments, cartilage, and blood).

Organs A group of two or more different types of tissues that work together to perform a specific function. The task is generally more complex than that of the tissue. For example, the heart is made of muscle and connective tissues which functions to pump blood throughout the body.

Systems A group of two or more organs that work together to perform a specific function. Each organ system has its own function but the systems work together and depend on one another. There are eleven different organ systems in the human body: circulatory, digestive, endocrine, excretory (urinary), immune, integumentary, muscular, nervous, reproductive, respiratory, and skeletal.

Organism All of the organ systems come together to form an organism

Population a group of organisms of the same species

Community A group of organisms of different species; a collection of populations

Ecosystem The biotic and abiotic components of an environment

Biome A large geographic area of the same climate and precipitation; may contain one or more ecosystems

Biosphere The part of the Earth that supports life