Learning Outcomes: B4 Describe chemical structure of lipids compared to carbohydrates Recognize structural diagrams of: glycerol, saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, neutral fats, steroids Describe the location, structure and function of neutral fats, steroids, phospholipids Compare saturated and unsaturated fats

Elements C, H, and O (mostly C and H, small number of O atoms) (how is this different from carbohydrates?) Video

Monomers Fatty acids – long chains of C and H, with a carboxyl (acid) group at one end Up to 28 carbons Ex. CH 3 (CH 2 ) 16 COOH

Saturated FA’s: single bonds between C atoms (holds as much H as it can)

Unsaturated FA’s: some double bonds between C atoms (less H)

Glycerol – a molecule forms the backbone of fats – attaches to fatty acids

Polymers Neutral fats or Triglycerides: 3 fatty acids attached to a glycerol

Saturated fats

Unsaturated fats

Trans fats

Phospholipids Phospholipids – glycerol + 2 fatty acids + phosphate- containing group

Phospholipids have a polar (hydrophilic) end and a non polar (hydrophobic) end Phospholipids on the town atch?v=jdzLasyT1uc

Steroids – ring structure, mostly C and H Ex. Cholesterol, hormones

Functions Triglycerides – energy storage Insulation and protection of organs Phospholipids – cell membrane structure Cholesterol – cell membrane structure Steroids - hormones

Synthesis and Hydrolysis