Information Technology Infratructure By: U. Abd. Rohim Website : Mailto :

U. Abd. Rohim Sistem Informasi (IT Infrastructure) 2 Computer System Input Devices Output Devices Secondary Storage Communication Devices Control Unit Aritmatic Logic Unit Primary Storage Central Processing Unit External Network

U. Abd. Rohim Sistem Informasi (IT Infrastructure) 3 Evolution Computer Hardware Feature1 st 2 nd 3 rd 4 th(early) 4 th(1998) CircuitryVacuum Tube Transistor s Integrated Circuits LSI & VLSIULSI Primary Storage 2 KB64 KB4 MB16 MB64 MB Cycle Time100 Millisecs 10 Microsecs 500 nanosecs 800 picosecs 2000 picosecs 5 th Generation Computer Base on The Von Neumann Arcitecture Massively Parallel Processing Future Generations DNA Computers Optical Computers Millisecs = 1/1000 Microsecs = 1/ Nanosecs = 1/ ,000 Picosecs = 1/ ,000,000

U. Abd. Rohim Sistem Informasi (IT Infrastructure) 4 Type of Computers Supercomputers Mainframes Minicomputers Workstations Microsomputers Desktop Personal Computers Laptop Computers Notebooks Palmtop Computers PDA (Personal Digital Assistance) Smart Card

U. Abd. Rohim Sistem Informasi (IT Infrastructure) 5 Input Devices Keying Devices Purched card reader Keyboard Point of sale terminal Optical Character Recognition Barcode scanner Wand reader Optical mark reader Optical character reader Cordless reader Pointing Devices Mouse Touch screen Hand writing recognition Voice recognition Other Devices Magnetic ink character devices Automatic Teller Machines (ATM) Digitizers Cameras Smart card Telephone

U. Abd. Rohim Sistem Informasi (IT Infrastructure) 6 Output Devices Monitors Impact Printers Nonimpact Printers Plotters Audio Response Image processing Equipments Voice Output

U. Abd. Rohim Sistem Informasi (IT Infrastructure) 7 Type of Software HARDWARE System Software Application Software

U. Abd. Rohim Sistem Informasi (IT Infrastructure) 8 Type of Application Software Speadsheets Data Management Word Processing Desktop Publishing Graphics Multimedia Communication Software Software Suites Enterprise wide Integrated Software Other Application Software Accounting & Auditing, Financial Management, marketing Management, Human Resources Management, DSS, EIS Generators, Expert System dll.

U. Abd. Rohim Sistem Informasi (IT Infrastructure) 9 Systems Software System Control Programs Operating system Graphical User Interface Operating System System Support Programs System Utility Programs System Performance Monitor System Security Monitor System Development Programs Compilers, Interpreters, tranlators CASE Programs

U. Abd. Rohim Sistem Informasi (IT Infrastructure) 10 Programming Languages Evolution 1. Machine Language 2. Assembly Language 3. Procedural Language 4. Non-Procedural Language 5. Intelligent language 6.  Natural Language New Programming Language Object Oriented Programming Language (OOP) Visual Programming Language Internet Oriented language HTML Dynamic HTML XML Java

U. Abd. Rohim Sistem Informasi (IT Infrastructure) 11 Telecommunication Concept Computer Communications Processor Communications Processor Computer Network S/W

U. Abd. Rohim Sistem Informasi (IT Infrastructure) 12 Communication Media Cable Media Twister-Pair Wire Coaxial Cable Piber Optic Wireless Media Microwave Satelite Global Postioning System (GPS) Radio Infrared Cellular Radio Technology Mobile Computing Personal Communication Service (PCS) Personal Digital Assistance (PDA)

U. Abd. Rohim Sistem Informasi (IT Infrastructure) 13 Communication Media Characteristic of Communication Media Transmission speed: Bandwitch (bit per second:bps, signal frequency, Baud rate) Optical Networking Transmission Direction Simple data Transmission Half-duplex Transmission Full-duplex Transmission Transmission Mode Asynchronous Transmission Synchronous Transmission

U. Abd. Rohim Sistem Informasi (IT Infrastructure) 14 Network Topology Bus Ring Start Network Size Local Area Network (LAN) Private Branch Exchange (VBX) Wide Area Network (WAN) Value-Added Network (VAN) Virtual Private Network (VPN)

U. Abd. Rohim Sistem Informasi (IT Infrastructure) 15 The Internet What is the internet Brief history Access Internet Via Modem (Home, Road) Via LAN (Campus, Office) Television Other access Internet Terminal Internet Kiosks dll

U. Abd. Rohim Sistem Informasi (IT Infrastructure) 16 Wide Are Information Servers (WAIS) Browsing and WWW Create web document Search Engines Downloading software & file Chat Programs Newsgroups Mailing lists & E-Bulletin Board