Unit 4 The Attributive Clause 1
the red the green the small the big The apple which/ that is red is small. The apple which/ that is green is big.
the man / singing/ Jay Chou The man who/ that is singing high is Jay Chou.
the man / make the earliest seismograph Zhang Heng is the man who/ that made the earliest seismograph. 地震仪
the city/ get the chance to host the 2008 Olympic Games Beijing is the city that/which got the chance to host the 2008 Olympic Games.
(1) This is a flower basket. (2) This is a basket full of flowers. (3) This is a basket that I want to put flowers in. 1. 定语的作用 : 修饰名词或代词 2. 定语的位置 : --- 单个的词作定语时要放于被修饰词的前面 ---- 短语或从句作定语时要放于被修饰词的后面
She is the girl (who/ that can speak English very well.) 3. 定语从句的含义 : 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从 句叫做定语从句. 意为 “… 的 ” 先行词 关系词 4. 先行词和关系词的位置
5. 关系词 关系 代词 关系 副词 when where why that which who whom whose
6. 定语从句中关系代词的使用 人 主语 宾语 定语 物 主语 宾语 定语 注意 : who, that whom, who, that whose which, that whose 关系代词在定语从句中如果做主语则不能省 略, 如果关系代词在从句中做宾语则可以省 略.
1.The boys who / that are playing football are from our class. ( 主语 ) 2.The man (who/ whom / that) you met just now is my teacher. ( 宾语 ) 3. Plane is a machine which / that can fly. ( 主语 ) 4. This is the pen (which / that) he bought yesterday. ( 宾语 ) 5. The baby whose trousers is red is Tom. ( 定语 )
Join the following sentences: (1) A plane is a machine. The machine can fly. 7. 定语从句的形成
Join the following sentences: (1)A plane is a machine. The machine can fly. A plane is can fly. the machine a machine
Join the following sentences: (1) A plane is a machine. The machine can fly. A plane is can fly. a machine that /which
Join the following sentences: (2) The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.
Join the following sentences: (2) The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday. we saw yesterday is Mary. herThe girl
Join the following sentences: (2) The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday. we saw yesterday is Mary. herThe girl
Join the following sentences: (2) The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday. The girl (that / who/whom) we saw yesterday is Mary.
whose 的用法 (3) The house is mine. The window of the house is broken. The house whose window is broken is mine. whose=the house ’ s window The house is mine. the window of which is broken of which the window is broken Join the following pair of sentences.
1. The student ______father works in the factory is sitting there. 2.This is the desk ______the legs were broken. A B A. whose B. of which
关系代词的用法练习 1.The eggs were not fresh. I bought them yesterday. 2.The friend was not hungry. He came to supper last night. 3.He prefers the cheese. It comes from his parent’s farm. 4.The noodles were delicious. You cooked them. 5.I don’t like the people. They smoke a lot. The eggs (that/which) I bought them were not fresh. The friend who/ that he came to supper last night was not... He prefers the cheese that / which it comes from his … The noodles( which/ that )you cooked them were delicious. I don’t like the people that / who they smoke a lot. 8. Practice:
H that 和 which 在指物的情况下一般都 可以互换, H 但在下列情况下, 一般用 that 而不用 which 。
e.g. I am sure she has something (that) you can borrow. e.g. I’ve read all the books that are not mine. (1) 先行词为 all, everything, nothing, something,anything, little, much, 等不定 代词时。 (2) 先行词被 all, every, no, some, any, little, much 等修饰时。
e.g. This is the first book (that) he has read. e.g. This is the very book that belongs to him. (3) 先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。 (4) 先行词被 the only, the very, the same, the last 修饰时。 (5)who 或 which 的问句中。 that) e.g. Which is the book (that) you bought last week? (6) 当先行词既有人又有物时；
不用 that 的情况
当介词放在关系代词的前面时，只 能用 which ( 指物 ) 或 whom ( 指人 ) E.g. This is the classroom _____________ _________// _____________________ The man with whom my mother are talking is my teacher. in which we are studying. (which/that )we are studying in.
1.All _____ we need is to be supplied with food and clothing. A. what B. that C. which D. whom 2.The man to _______ you talked just now is an engineer. A. who B. whose C. whom D. that Exercises:
3. Can you tell me the name of the factory_____ you visited last week? A. what B. in where C. / D. when 4. I don’t like the way____ you speak to her. A. that B. in that C. who D. whose (that/ in which)
5. The most important thing____ we should pay attention to is the first thing ______ I have said. A. which; that B. that; which C. which; which D. that; that 6. She spent the whole evening talking about the things and persons____ none of us has ever heard of. A. which B. who C. whom D. that
7. Who is the person________ is talking about the accident ______ happened on Highway 104? A. which; which B. who; what C. that; that D. what; what
8. Women ____ drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than those ____ don’t. （ 2006 北京） A. who; 不填 B. who; 不填 C. who; who D. 不填；不填
9. Is this the factory_____ we are going to visit this afternoon ? 10. Is this factory______ we are going to visit this afternoon? A. where B. which C. the one D. whose B C
1. The people the army came to help them didn't lose hope. 2. Jack is one of the students who likes playing basketball. 3. Those that reported the news were expected to speak excellent Chinese. 4. The earthquake about that they are talking is very frightening. them like who which
5. You must listen carefully everything which the teacher says in class. 6. When he returned from the journey, Ernest told his parents about the cities and the people who he had visited. 7. The soldier, who’s foot was hurt during the rescue, was only 20 years old. that whose
看谚语, 学定语从句 HHe who does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man ． 不到长城非好汉。 NNothing is too difficult to the man who will try ． 世上无难事，只要肯登攀。 NNot all that glitters is gold ． 闪光的未必都是金子。
HHe laughs best who laughs last ． 谁笑到最后，谁笑得最好。 IIt’s the first step that costs ． 万事开头难。 HHe who would climb the ladder must begin at the bottom ． 千里之行，始于足下。 GGod helps those who help themselves. 自助者天助。