Poetry/Figurative Language Mrs. Mcpherson English IV Mrs. Mcpherson English IV

“ We Got the Beat G Poetry has a beat or RHYTHM G A major element of poetry is FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE or FIGURES OF SPEECH G Poetry has a beat or RHYTHM G A major element of poetry is FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE or FIGURES OF SPEECH

FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE/FIGURES OF SPEECH  Language that is shaped by the imagination.  A Figure of Speech is never literally true--but suggests an idea to our imagination.  Language that is shaped by the imagination.  A Figure of Speech is never literally true--but suggests an idea to our imagination.

Metaphor  A comparison of unlike things in which a connection is revealed. A metaphor allows us to speak in an imaginative shorthand  “ The fog comes in on little cat feet ” --Sandburg  A comparison of unlike things in which a connection is revealed. A metaphor allows us to speak in an imaginative shorthand  “ The fog comes in on little cat feet ” --Sandburg

Simile h A figure of speech that uses the words--like, as, than or resembles. h In a good simile, the comparison is unexpected, but reasonable.  “ My love is LIKE a red, red rose. ” -- Burns h A figure of speech that uses the words--like, as, than or resembles. h In a good simile, the comparison is unexpected, but reasonable.  “ My love is LIKE a red, red rose. ” -- Burns

PERSONIFICATION  Personification is when we attribute human qualities to nonhuman things or to an abstract idea.  “ As I could not stop for Death, he kindly stopped for me ” -- Dickinson  Personification is when we attribute human qualities to nonhuman things or to an abstract idea.  “ As I could not stop for Death, he kindly stopped for me ” -- Dickinson

Symbol  A SYMBOL is often an ordinary object, event, person, or animal to which we have attached extraordinary meaning.  SYMBOLS like all figures of speech allow the poet to suggest layers and layers of meaning.  Common symbols: American flag, heart(love), etc.

Imagery  Seeing with our minds. An image is a representation of anything we can:  SEE--HEAR--TASTE--TOUCH--SMELL  “The loveliest of trees, the cherry now Is hung with blooms along the bough.”- Housman

Rhythm/Meter  Poetry is a musical kind of speech.  Poetry is based on rhythm  Poets can use meter--a strict, rhythmic pattern of stressed/unstressed syllables in each line  Iamb (u /)-insist  Trochee(/ u)-double  Anapest(u u /)-understand  Dactyl(/ u u)-excellent  Spondee(/ /)-football

FREE VERSE FFree Verse is poetry that is free from the old metric rules.--Free Verse is a loose kind of rhythm in which the sounds of long phrases are balanced against short verses.

RHYME  The repetition of the accented vowel sound and all following sounds in a word.  End rhyme--rhyme at the end of lines: ” Three young rats with black felt hats Three young ducks with white straw flats.  The repetition of the accented vowel sound and all following sounds in a word.  End rhyme--rhyme at the end of lines: ” Three young rats with black felt hats Three young ducks with white straw flats.

RHYME  Internal rhyme--rhyme within a line.  “ It was on Wednesday night, the moon was shining bright. ’ --anonymous  RHYME SCHEME is the pattern of rhyme.  Internal rhyme--rhyme within a line.  “ It was on Wednesday night, the moon was shining bright. ’ --anonymous  RHYME SCHEME is the pattern of rhyme.

Alliteration Alliteration is the repetition of consonant sounds in words that appear close together. “Bright balloons bouncing on the boardwalk’--Sloan

Onomatopoeia Onomatopoeia is the use of words that sound like they they mean: Examples: snap, crackle, pop, woof, meow--etc.

Types of Poetry: Sonnet ZSonnet--strict structure Z14 lines--3 quatrains of 4 rhyming lines and ending couplet that rhymes

 Shall I compare thee to a summer ’ s day ZThou art more lovely and more temperate ZRough winds do shake the darling buds of May  And summer ’ s lease hath all too short a date. ZSometime too hot the eye of heaven shines, ZAnd often is his gold complexion dimmed; ZAnd every fair from fair sometime declines,  By chance, or nature ’ s changing course, untrimmed; ZBut thy eternal summer shall not fade,  Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow ’ st,  Nor shall Death brag thou wand ’ rest in his shade,  When in eternal lines to time thou grow ’ st, Z So long as men can breathe or eyes can see, Z So long lives this, and this gives life to thee. Z ---William Shakespeare

Ballad  A story poem meant to be sung:  “Bonny Barbara Allen” anonymous  Oh, in the merry month of May  When all things were a-blooming.  Sweet William came from the Western states  And courted Barbara Allen…