TATA box Promoter-proximal elements Effects of mutations in promoter element sequences on transcription.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
©2000 Timothy G. Standish Transkripsi. All Genes Can’t be Expressed At The Same Time Some gene products are needed by all cells all the time. These constitutive.
Advertisements

Molecular Basis for Relationship between Genotype and Phenotype DNA RNA protein genotype function organism phenotype DNA sequence amino acid sequence transcription.
CH. 11 : Transcriptional Control of Gene Expression Jennifer Brown.
©2001 Timothy G. Standish Psalm 102:25 25In the beginning you laid the foundations of the earth, and the heavens are the work of your hands.
1 Control of eukaryotic gene expression As usual, much more complicated than in prokaryotes. –Increased amount of DNA –Tight packing into nucleosomes –Physical.
Mechanism of Transcription
Lecture 11 Gene Organization RNA Processing 5’ cap 3’ polyadenylation splicing *Eukaryotic Transcription Translation.
I. Overview of Eukaryotic gene regulation Mechanisms similar to those found in bacteria- most genes controlled at the transcriptional level Much more complex.
Transcription Co-activator Family Proteins
The SV40 Promoter Enhancer GC boxes (6) TATA box.
Structure and Function of Eukaryotic Transcription Activators Many have modular structure: 1.DNA-binding domain 2.Transcription activating domain Proteins.
Shine-Dalgarno Motif Ribosome binding site located about 13 bases upstream of AUG start codon SD sequence is: 5’-AGGAGGU-3’ Middle GGAG is more highly.
Transcription in eukaryotes
Chap. 7 Problem 1 In glucose media without lactose, the lac repressor is bound to the lac operator, and the CAP protein is not bound to its control site.
Mechanism of activation. Models for mechansim of activation Direct contact between an activator and RNA polymerase or GTF Indirect interactions –Adaptor.
Chapter 11: Transcription Initiation Complex Copyright © Garland Science 2007.
M4 RNA Pol II genes: promoters and enhancers -----RNA Polymerase II (RNA Pol II) is located in the nucleoplasm. It is responsible for the transcription.
Section N Regulation of Transcription in Eukaryotes
©2001 Timothy G. Standish Psalm 102:24 25In the beginning you laid the foundations of the earth, and the heavens are the work of your hands.
Three RNA polymerases in eukaryotes. RNA polymerase III Hundreds of promoters - 40% of a cell transcriptional activity -Moderately sensitive to  -amanitin.
Controlling the genes Lecture 15 pp Gene Expression Nearly all human cells have a nucleus (not red blood cells) Almost all these nucleated cells.
Chap. 7 Transcriptional Control of Gene Expression (Part B)
Gene expression DNA  RNA  Protein DNA RNA Protein Replication Transcription Translation Degradation Initiation Elongation Processing Export Initiation.
Copyright (c) by W. H. Freeman and Company 10.3 Eukaryotic gene control: purposes and general principles  Unlike bacterial cells and most single cell.
Chapter 20 Initiation of transcription Introduction 20.2 Eukaryotic RNA polymerases consist of many subunits 20.3 Promoter elements are defined.
Regulating transcription
Transcription in prokaryotes
Gene Expression Eukaryotic Gene Transcription 9/18/08 Thomas Ryan, Ph
Gene expression in eukaryotes 1. Eukaryotic RNA polymerases 2. Regulation of eukaryotic RNP 3. Hormonal regulation 4. Histone acetylation.
Chapter 17: Eukaryotic Gene Expression1 Eukaryotic Regulation Chapter 17 Sections:17.2, &17.9.
Introduction to Molecular Cell Biology Transcription Regulation Dr. Fridoon Jawad Ahmad HEC Foreign Professor King Edward Medical University Visiting Professor.
General Transcription Initiation Factors. Assay for accurate initiation by bacterial RNA polymerase Promoter E. coli RNA pol holoenzyme + initiation elongation.
Molecular Basis for Relationship between Genotype and Phenotype DNA RNA protein genotype function organism phenotype DNA sequence amino acid sequence transcription.
Ch 10. Multiple forms of Eukaryotic RNA Polymerase
©2001 Timothy G. Standish James 4:7 7Submit yourselves therefore to God. Resist the devil, and he will flee from you.
©2000 Timothy G. Standish Hebrews 1:1-2 1God, who at sundry times and in divers manners spake in time past unto the fathers by the prophets, 2Hath in these.
Gene regulation biology 1 lecture 13. Differential expression of genetic code in prokaryotes and eukaryotes Regulation at the transcription level How.
Integrative Genomics. Double-helix DNA strands are separated in the gene coding region Which enzyme detects the beginning of a gene ? RNA Polymerase (multi-subunit.
Factors Involved In RNA synthesis and processing Presented by Md. Anower Hossen ID: MS in Biotechnology.
Transcription(II) 王之仰.  The DNA control elements in eukaryotic genomes that bind transcription factor often are located much farther from the promoter.
Lecture 15 From Gene to Protein.
Controlling the genes Lecture 15 pp
Promoters and Enhancers
Regulation of Gene Expression in Eukaryotes
John W. Bloom, MD  Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 
GENE REGULATION Key control mechanism for dictating cell phenotype
Prokaryotic cells turn genes on and off by controlling transcription.
Prokaryotic cells turn genes on and off by controlling transcription.
Transcription Factors
Control of eukaryotic gene expression
Relationship between Genotype and Phenotype
Relationship between Genotype and Phenotype
Relationship between Genotype and Phenotype
Initiation of transcription by Pol I
Prokaryotic cells turn genes on and off by controlling transcription.
Relationship between Genotype and Phenotype
James 4:7 7 Submit yourselves therefore to God. Resist the devil, and he will flee from you.
Hebrews 1 1 God, who at sundry times and in divers manners spake in time past unto the fathers by the prophets, 2 Hath in these last days spoken unto us.
Tae Kook Kim, Tom Maniatis  Molecular Cell 
Comparison of Nuclear, Eukaryotic RNA Polymerases
Prokaryotic cells turn genes on and off by controlling transcription.
Pieces of the puzzle: assembling the preinitiation complex of Pol II
Divergent Transcription: A Driving Force for New Gene Origination?
Prokaryotic cells turn genes on and off by controlling transcription.
Prokaryotic cells turn genes on and off by controlling transcription.
Relationship between Genotype and Phenotype
Prokaryotic cells turn genes on and off by controlling transcription.
GN434 - Genes and Development
Presentation transcript:

TATA box Promoter-proximal elements Effects of mutations in promoter element sequences on transcription

Assembly of Transcription Initiation Complex Requires 7 basal transcription factors (TFs) + RNA Pol II TFIID = TBP + >8 TBP-Associated Factors (TAFs) TBP = TATA Binding Protein TFIIA added Remainder of basal TFs bind along with RNA Pol II TFIIB added Complete Transcription Initiation Complex

Distance-independent elements  Can be located at variable distances upstream from promoter.  Can be located downstream of a gene or within introns.  Can work in either orientation. Contain binding sites for TFs that regulate transcription.

TFs that bind to enhancers &/or silencers regulate txn by helping or hindering assembly of transcription initiation complex.

Regulation of transcription by steroid hormone receptors

Functional Domains of Activators 1. DNA Binding Domain: Part of TF that binds to DNA. 2. Activation Domain: Part of TF that contacts other proteins (e.g., basal TFs)

DNA Binding Motifs Motifs = stereotypical tertiary structures Helix-turn-helix motif Stabilization helix > 3  -helices separated by short turns (bends)

Zinc-finger DNA binding motif C = Cysteine H = Histidine  -helix: Contacts DNA in major groove  -sheet