FLOWCHARTING AND ALGORITHMS Flowchart Defined Algorithm Defined Basic Symbols Used in Flowcharting Basic Control Structures Operators commonly Used in Flowcharting

Flowcharting Defined Use of symbols and phrases to designate the logic of how a problem is solved. A common method for defining the logical steps of flow within a program by using a series of symbols to identify the basic input, process and output function within a program.

Flowcharting Defined A two-dimensional representation of an algorithm; the predefined graphic symbols of a flowchart are used to indicates the various operations and the flow of control . A diagram representing the logical sequence in which a combination of steps is to be performed. It is a blueprint of the program.

Algorithm Defined Algorithm is a finite set of instructions that specify a sequence of operations to be carried out in order to solve a specific problem or class of problems.

Basic Symbols Used in Flowcharting Used to signify the beginning and end of flowchart. Terminal

Basic Symbols Used in Flowcharting Signifies the preparation of data. Used to select initial conditions. Used to represent instructions or groups of instructions that will alter or modify a program’s course of execution. Preparation/Initialization

Basic Symbols Used in Flowcharting Shows input and output. Data are to be read into the computer memory from an input device or data are to be passed from the memory to an output device. Input/ Output

Basic Symbols Used in Flowcharting Performs any calculations that are to be done. Processing

Basic Symbols Used in Flowcharting Signifies any decisions that are to be done Decision

Basic Symbols Used in Flowcharting Shows the entry or exit point of the flowchart. A non-processing symbol used to connect one part of a flowchart to another without drawing flow lines. Conserves space by keeping related blocks near one another, reduces the number of flow lines in complex programs, and eliminates cross lines from taking place. On-page Connector

Basic Symbols Used in Flowcharting Designates entry to or exit from one page when a flowchart requires more than one page. Off-page Connector

Basic Symbols Used in Flowcharting Signifies the process that is to be executed next. Flowlines

Basic Control Structures Sequence Selection (if-then-else) Repetition (Looping)