By: Kaleecia Laraque

What you know what forms the genetic code? The thing that forms the genetic code is its genes to control the production of proteins in an organism’s cells. How does a cell produce proteins? A cell produce proteins when it uses infoemation from a gene on a chromosome to produce a specfic protein. How can mutation affect an organism? Mutation effect can incorrect proteins during proteins synthesis.

 DNA is an acronym that stands for DeoxyriboNucleic acid

 It is the genetic material of a cell. The chromosomes inside the nucleus (control centre) of the cell are made of DNA. It is very fine and tightly coiled but there may be as much as a metre in a single cell. DNA is really a code. It is divided up into sections. These sections are genes, which carry all the instructions for making up our body. So there is a gene that tells the body to have brown hair and so on. Each gene is a code for a particular protein. Our bodies are made up of proteins. So the genes dictate how we are made and what our bodies look like.cell

 DNA is made up of subunits called nucleotides.  Nucleotides=consist of a sugar, a phosphate, and a base.  Four bases (A) Adenine, (T) Thymine, (G) Guanine, (C) Cytosine. A,T,G,C  Each base has a different shape. Each rung is made of two linked bases. Only certain bases can link together (A to T and G to C).

DNA bases pair up with each other, A with T and C with G, to form units called base pairs. Each base is also attached to a sugar molecule and a phosphate molecule. Together, a base, sugar, and phosphate are called a nucleotide. Nucleotides are arranged in two long strands that form a spiral called a double helix. The structure of the double helix is somewhat like a ladder, with the base pairs forming the ladder’s rungs and the sugar and phosphate molecules forming the vertical sidepieces of the ladder.

    est.org est.org