HAHS MS. KNICK Avogadro, The Mole, and Grams. The Mole The amount of substance that contains as many particles as there are atoms in exactly 12 g of carbon.

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Presentation transcript:

HAHS MS. KNICK Avogadro, The Mole, and Grams

The Mole The amount of substance that contains as many particles as there are atoms in exactly 12 g of carbon. We can think of the mole is a counting unit for chemists.  Examples:  1 dozen =12  1 ream of paper = 500 sheets

Avogadro’s Number Is the number of particles in exactly one mole of a pure substance x is called “Avogadro’s Number” in honor of the Italian chemist Amadeo Avogadro ( ). I didn’t discover it. Its just named after me!

Avogadro’s Number (con’t) There is atoms in 1 mole of a substance THAT’S A GIGANTIC NUMBER!!!!!!!!!

Molar Mass Is the mass of 1 mole of a per substance Has units of grams per mole (g/mol) Equaled to the atomic mass of the element or compound.

Molar Mass of a Compound Add up all the masses of each type of atom in the compound. Example: Molar Mass of Ca(OH)2 Ca: 1 x 40 = 40 O: 2 x 16 = 32 The molar mass is the H: 2 x 1 = 2 sum ( ) which is equaled to 74 g/mol

Molar Mass Is the mass of 1 mole of a per substance Has units of grams per mole (g/mol) Equaled to the atomic mass of the element or compound.

Calculations: Converting moles to grams Given # of mole X g (look at periodic table) = g of 1 mole How many grams of lithium are in 3.50 moles of lithium? 3.50 mole X g = g Li 1 mol

Calculations: Converting grams to moles Given # of g X 1 mol = mol of g (look at periodic table) How many moles of lithium are in 18.2 grams of lithium? 18.2 g X 1 mol Li = mol Li g

Calculations: Converting Moles to Particles Given # of mol x 6.02 x part = atoms 1 mol How many atoms/particles/molecules of lithium are in 3.50 moles of lithium? 3.50 mole X 6.02 x = 2.11 x atoms of Li 1 mol

Calculations: Converting Particles to Moles Given # of particles x 1 mole = mol 6.02 x How many moles of lithium are there in x10 24 particles of Li? x part x 1 mole = 2.0 mol Li 6.02 x part

Calculations: Converting grams to particles Given # of grams x 1 mol x x = particles ? g 1 mol How many atoms/particles/molecules of lithium are in 18.2 g of lithium? 18.2 g x 1 mol x x = 1.58 x particle Li 6.941g 1 mol

Calculations: Converting particles to grams Given # of particles x 1 mol x ? g = g x mol How many grams are there in 8.02 x particles of lithium?