Institute for the Protection and Security of the Citizen HAZAS – Hazard Assessment ECCAIRS Technical Course Provided by the Joint Research Centre - Ispra (Italy) Architecture

Institute for the Protection and Security of the Citizen HAZAS – Hazard Assessment 2 Standards and Platforms Industry Standards –Most authorities use Microsoft Windows environment –Relational databases (Oracle, SQL Server, MSDE) –Vista support in release 4.3 Front end –Microsoft Windows Family (NT4, 2000, XP) –IE for WebDAS Back end –Microsoft Windows Family (NT4, 2000, XP, 2003 either workstation/professional or server) for Repository –OLEDB/ODBC interface for independency of DBMS –Non-Windows Database server allowed (Unix, etc.) –IIS for WebDAS

Institute for the Protection and Security of the Citizen HAZAS – Hazard Assessment 3 Minimal System Requirements Client side –Pentium III, IV or equivalent –128 Mb RAM –75 Mb disk space –LAN connection Server side –Pentium IV or equivalent. In multi-user systems with large amount of data, multi-processor systems are recommended to increase response times from database –256 Mb RAM –75 Mb disk space –50 Kb disk space per occurrence  avg. 100 Mb every 2000 –60 Mb disk space for MSDE components –DCOM

Institute for the Protection and Security of the Citizen HAZAS – Hazard Assessment 4 Development ECCAIRS 4: a Visual Basic application –Compiled using Visual Studio 6 –Good development environment –Flawless integration with operating environment (Microsoft) –Integration in Visual Source Safe –Parts developed in Visual C++ High grain modularity –Improves and implements the architecture –Allows further optimisation re-implementing performance- critical modules in C++ –COM based communication between modules –DCOM based communication on the network Use of commercially available components –Controls (tree views, splitters, graphs) –No royalty fee was a requirement

Institute for the Protection and Security of the Citizen HAZAS – Hazard Assessment 5 Technical Details Source code details –Over 65 Visual Basic projects with shared components – lines of code –Compile time around 30 minutes Project details –Estimated 30 Man-years of development –Distributable size 300Mb distribution package Including 35Mb for royalty-free MSDE support

Institute for the Protection and Security of the Citizen HAZAS – Hazard Assessment 6 Architecture Three tier architecture –User interface Interaction with user Presentation, navigation, menus, reports, etc. –Middleware Business rules Occurrences, Queries and other entities accessed as Objects independent from their physical implementation Database and files accessed via “Class Methods” independent of the file system or RDBMS in use –Data The physical storage of information in a database or file Can be one of the supported relational databases and/or ECCAIRS 4 Data Format (E4F) files ECCAIRS 3 Data Format (EDF) not upwards compatible with E4F format: must be converted to E4F prior use (Mephisto)

Institute for the Protection and Security of the Citizen HAZAS – Hazard Assessment 7 Repository Compounds Definition –Compounds are software programs not to be executed independently from applications for which they provide services –Part of ECCAIRS 4 middleware Compounds –Reports Provide services for various types of reports –Repository Services Provide services related to accessing data, security, configuration

Institute for the Protection and Security of the Citizen HAZAS – Hazard Assessment 8 Repository Services –Part of middleware –Provide services related to accessing data, security, configuration –Handles ECCAIRS connection as “session” Views Data Pump Query Executor Query Builder Session Permissions DB Connection Attribute Occurrence

Institute for the Protection and Security of the Citizen HAZAS – Hazard Assessment 9 Repository Elements Session –State of a user logged on to repository. Offers connection and access to database, manages security profiles, handles other profiles from server Connection –Connection to database of repository –Not a connection to repository –Important notice Client never directly connects to database Client connects to repository Only Repository Services connect to database Permissions –Provide information about access to occurrence data –Set per Organisation (read, write, export, remove) –Set per Attribute (read, write, export)

Institute for the Protection and Security of the Citizen HAZAS – Hazard Assessment 10 Repository Elements (Cont’d) Query Builder –Build queries interactively –Utilises comprehensive approach and near natural language –And/Or, Brackets, Nested restrictions –Operator like “Contains”, “At Least One Of”, “Has Value” –Encapsulates database specific query language –Exchange with others through Query Libraries Query Executor –Translates Query Builder definition into RDBMS call –Retrieves reduced amount of fields from database –Does not retrieve entire occurrence record Data Pump –Transfers occurrence record to and from database –Checks duplicates –Applies permissions set by administrator

Institute for the Protection and Security of the Citizen HAZAS – Hazard Assessment 11 Repository Elements (Cont’d) Views –Provide layout of presented data (screen allocation) and amount of data visible (attributes, sections) –Subjective way to look at data –Collection of Topics and Sections –Widely customisable –Used by Browser and in Reports –Defined by application profile ViewsTopicsSections ViewSection Topic ViewTopic

Institute for the Protection and Security of the Citizen HAZAS – Hazard Assessment 12 Repository Components Definition –Components are software elements available to provide basic functionality at the lowest level required –The other part of middleware Components –Dictionary Defines the taxonomy of the system –Occurrences Provides access to occurrences in E4F files –Occurrence/set Provides storage for individual occurrence object –Physical dictionary Provides info on the storage in a RDBMS –Query Provides storage for individual query object –Graph Provides storage for graphs

Institute for the Protection and Security of the Citizen HAZAS – Hazard Assessment 13 Repository Components (Cont’d) Dictionary –Implements the taxonomy of the ECCAIRS system Highlights –Defines attributes, values and descriptions in language –Attributes Grouped in sections following a logical approach Grouped in entities following implementation approach (ERD) –Values retrieved from dictionary –Properties also in dictionary Data type, format, unit, aggregation, … DictionariesEntitiesAttributes Attribute Entity DictionaryEntity

Institute for the Protection and Security of the Citizen HAZAS – Hazard Assessment 14 Repository Components (Cont’d) Occurrences –Provides access to occurrences in E4F files Highlights –Occurrences are stored sequentially and accessed via proprietary performance optimised XML parser –Table Of Contents type property “OccurrenceList”, based on “ColumnList” property used for rapidly accessing contents of E4F file (similar to directory info in ZIP files) E4F filesOccurrences E4F fileOccurrence E4F fileOccurrences

Institute for the Protection and Security of the Citizen HAZAS – Hazard Assessment 15 Repository Components (Cont’d) Occurrence/Set –Occurrence provides storage for individual occurrence object –Set provides storage for structured data set Occurrence Subset of occurrence Highlights –Similar to dictionary definition hierarchy regarding entities but sections are not implemented SetsEntitiesAttributesOccurrences Attribute Entity SetEntityOccurrence

Institute for the Protection and Security of the Citizen HAZAS – Hazard Assessment 16 Repository Components (Cont’d) Physical dictionary –Provides info on the storage in a particular RDBMS Highlights –Returns names of tables and columns –Database type for RDBMS specific syntax and access –Groups and permissions for user security AttributesColumnsTables Table ColumnAttribute Column Physical Dictionaries Phys. Dict. Permissions Groups TemplatesData types DB TypeStatements

Institute for the Protection and Security of the Citizen HAZAS – Hazard Assessment 17 QueriesRestrictionsAttributesQueries Selections Repository Components (Cont’d) Query –Query provides storage for queries Highlights –Queries are stored sequentially in a file associated with the Queries class Selection Criteria Selections Operators BracketsQueryRestrictionQueries

Institute for the Protection and Security of the Citizen HAZAS – Hazard Assessment 18 Repository Components (Cont’d) Graphs –Graphs provides storage for graph objects Highlights –Graphs are stored sequentially in a file associated with the Graphs class GraphsE4G File Query Properties Data grid Data (X,Y,Z)Graph dataGraphs Graph

Institute for the Protection and Security of the Citizen HAZAS – Hazard Assessment 19 Entities and Entity Structure ADREP 2000 Events, Narratives and Notes can be linked to any of the main entities (Occurrence, Air space, Aerodrome, ATS unit, Aircraft) Narratives Events Notes Recordings SectorATM Staff Other Pers. Ratings Descriptive Factors Descriptive Factors Endorsement Flight crew Licenses Engine Fail. Float. Devices GPWS warn. Incapacitation Fire suppr. Part Failures Precipitation Prop. Failures Search Diff. Separation Runway Weather rep. Potential Factors Explanatory Factors Explanatory Factors Occurrence Aircraft Air space Aerodrome ATS Unit Aircraft 1 Aircraft 2

Institute for the Protection and Security of the Citizen HAZAS – Hazard Assessment 20 Topics ADREP 2000 Management * 650+ attributes most of which are pick-lists Recommendations Narratives Events Notes Sector(s) ATM Personnel Runway(s) Failures History of flight Medical Recordings Meteo CFIT Fire Survival Ditch Air Traffic Services Flight Crew Separation(s) Other personnel Wreckage/Impact Occurrence * Aerodrome Aircraft(s) Airspace(s) ATS Unit(s)Recordings

Institute for the Protection and Security of the Citizen HAZAS – Hazard Assessment 21 Implementation Typical implementation (Workstation and Server) Database OLEDB DCOM Middleware E4F file Applications E4F file

Institute for the Protection and Security of the Citizen HAZAS – Hazard Assessment 22 Implementation 1 Workstation (stand-alone) Data Middleware Applications

Institute for the Protection and Security of the Citizen HAZAS – Hazard Assessment 23 Implementation 2 Workstations, of which 1 acting as Data Server Data Middleware Applications DCOM Middleware Applications

Institute for the Protection and Security of the Citizen HAZAS – Hazard Assessment 24 Implementation Many Workstations, 1 ECCAIRS and Data Server Data Middleware Applications Data Middleware DCOM Middleware Applications

Institute for the Protection and Security of the Citizen HAZAS – Hazard Assessment 25 Implementation Many Workstations, ECCAIRS Server and Data Server Middleware Applications Middleware DCOMMiddleware Applications OLEDB/ODBC Data