Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Table of Contents Section 1 Change over Time Section 2 How Does Evolution.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Jeopardy Earth –A Home for Life
Advertisements

The Evolution of Living Things
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu The History of Life on Earth Table of Contents Section 1 Evidence.
DO NOW: 5/24 The cockroach first appeared on Earth over 250 million years ago and is thriving today all over the world. A giant deer that was 2 m tall.
How to Use This Presentation
The Evolution of Living Things
10 pt 15 pt 20 pt 25 pt 5 pt 10 pt 15 pt 20 pt 25 pt 5 pt 10 pt 15 pt 20 pt 25 pt 5 pt 10 pt 15 pt 20 pt 25 pt 5 pt 10 pt 15 pt 20 pt 25 pt 5 pt Living.
How to Use This Presentation
The Evolution of Living Things
Regents Biology Evolution by Natural Selection.
The Evolution of Living Things
Evolution Darwin’s Voyage.
How to Use This Presentation How to Use This Presentation
Chapter 5, Section 1 Darwin’s Voyage
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Evolution Evolution is the process of change in the inherited characteristics.
Chapter 15 Table of Contents Section 1 History of Evolutionary Thought
The Evolution of Living Things
< BackNext >PreviewMain Preview Section 1 Change over TimeChange over Time Section 2 How Does Evolution Happen?How Does Evolution Happen? Section 3 Natural.
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Table of Contents Section 1 The Theory of Evolution by Natural Selection.
Big IdeasDarwinOver TimeTermsExamples 100.
Darwin and Evolution UNIT 6. EVOLUTION THE PROCESS BY WHICH SPECIES CHANGE OVER TIME THEORY: Broad explanation that has been scientifically tested and.
Natural Selection - Evolution. What is it?  Charles Darwin (1859)  HMS Beagle  Galapagos Islands  Studied Anatomy of Finches of Finches.
How Does Evolution Happen?
8-3 NOTES: DARWIN VS. LAMARCK. BEFORE DARWIN People believed earth was only thousands of years old and organisms did not change. However, this did not.
Variation in Cat Traits Brainstorm cat traits, such as fur color, length of fur, ear shape, and face shape that are determined by the genes What do you.
A naturalist (a person who studies the natural world)
Section 1 Change over Time
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Theory of Evolution Chapter 15 Table of Contents Section 1 History.
Darwin's Theory Ch 7 sec 1 GOAL/PURPOSE TO LEARN WHAT FACTORS CAUSE EVOLUTION AND THE DIVERSITY OF LIFE ON PLANET EARTH.
Evolution  Evolution –process through which species change over time. The process by which modern organisms (multicellular) have descended from ancient.
Evolution. Scientists believe that all living organisms on earth share a common ancestor. Newer species arise from older species by evolution. Evolution.
Preview Section 1 Change over Time
{ Section 5.1 Change Over Time.  Adaptation: A characteristic that helps an organism survive and reproduce in its environment.  Species: A group of.
< BackNext >PreviewMain Section 1 Change over Time Bellringer The cockroach first appeared on Earth over 250 million years ago and is thriving today all.
Evolution Descent with Modification Within a species, each individual has slightly different characteristics Natural Selection Nature chooses who is best.
Chapter 5C The Evolution of Living Things. Change Over Time….. Adaptation – a change that helps an organism survive and reproduce in its environment.
  Two ways to describe evolution:  1. Change in features over time  2. The history of life on earth What does evolution mean?
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 1 Change over Time Bellwork Chapter 7.
Natural Selection in Action
SCIENCE TODAY 1. TAKE VOCAB QUIZ!– Number a sheet of paper COMPLETE YOUR BLUE GRAPHS FROM THE LAB YESTERDAY– AS WELL AS THE LAB QUESTIONS. ANSWER.
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Think about it and respond…… What adaptations might you expect in.
Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings CHAPTER 7: The Evolution of Living Things.
EVOLUTION AND NATURAL SELECTION Overproduction Genetic Variation Struggle to Survive Successful Reproduction Evolution is defined as the change in species.
< BackNext >PreviewMain Preview Section 1 Change over TimeChange over Time Section 2 How Does Evolution Happen?How Does Evolution Happen? Section 3 Natural.
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Darwin Proposed a Mechanism for Evolution In 1859, the English naturalist.
The Theory of Evolution Unit. What do YOU think the word Evolution means? Evolution = the process of biological change by which Earth’s present day species.
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu How to Use This Presentation To View the presentation as a slideshow.
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Table of Contents Section 1 Change over Time Section 2 How Does Evolution.
Chapter 4 Preview Section 1 Change over TimeChange over Time Section 2 How Do Population Changes Happen?How Do Population Changes Happen? Section 3 Natural.
Standard  S7L5. Students will examine the evolution of living organisms through inherited characteristics that promote survival of the organism and the.
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Chapter Presentation Transparencies Image and Math Focus Bank Bellringers.
Unit 1 Lesson 2 Theory of Evolution by Natural Selection
Chapter 13: Evolution.
KEY CONCEPT Darwin’s voyage provided insight on evolution.
Science Starter.
Evolution Changes Over Time.
Chapter 4: Population Changes
Change over Time Adaptation
Chapter 7 Adaptation Over Time.
Chapter 7 Section 1 Change over Time Bellringer
Evolution Chapter 7.
Natural Selection State Standard Objectives:
Section 2 How Does Evolution Happen?
Jeopardy Final Jeopardy Natural Selection Evolution Charles Darwin
The Evolution of Living Things
Big Idea: The types and characteristics of organisms change over time.
How Does Evolution Happen?
Chapter 7 Preview Section 1 Change over Time
The Evolution of Living Things.
Chapter 7 Bellringer The cockroach first appeared on
Presentation transcript:

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Table of Contents Section 1 Change over Time Section 2 How Does Evolution Happen? Section 3 Natural Selection in Action Chapter 7 The Evolution of Living Things

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 1 Change over Time Bellringer The cockroach first appeared on Earth over 250 million years ago and is thriving today all over the world. A giant deer that was 2 m tall and had antlers up to 3.6 m wide first appeared less than 1 million years ago and became extinct around 11,000 years ago. Why do you think one animal thrived and the other one perished? Record your answer in your science journal. Chapter 7

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 1 Change over Time Objectives Identify two kinds of evidence that show that organisms have evolved. Describe one pathway through which a modern whale could have evolved from an ancient mammal. Explain how comparing organisms can provide evidence that they have ancestors in common. Chapter 7

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 1 Change over Time Differences Among Organisms Chapter 7 What Is a Species? A species *. A characteristic that helps an organism survive and reproduce in its environment is called an adaptation.

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 1 Change over Time Differences Among Organisms, continued Chapter 7 Do Species Change over Time? Scientists observe that species have changed over time. * is called evolution.

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 1 Change over Time Evolution Chapter 7 Click below to watch the Visual Concept. You may stop the video at any time by pressing the Esc key. Visual Concept

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 1 Change over Time Evidence of Change over Time Chapter 7 Fossils * called fossils. The Fossil Record By studying fossils, scientists have made a timeline of life known as the fossil record. The fossil record organizes fossils by their estimated ages and physical similarities.

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 1 Change over Time Evidence of Ancestry Chapter 7 Order of Life The fossil record provides evidence about the order in which species have existed. Drawing Connections Scientists have named and described hundreds of thousands of living and ancient species. Scientists use information about these species to sketch out a “ tree of life” that includes all known organisms.

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 1 Change over Time Examining Organisms Chapter 7 Case Study: Evolution of the Whale Scientists think that the ancient ancestor of whales was probably a mammal that lived on land and that could run on four legs. Walking Whales The organisms shown on the next slide form a sequence between ancient four-legged mammals and modern whales. Several pieces of evidence indicate that these species are related by ancestry.

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 1 Change over Time Chapter 7

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 1 Change over Time Chapter 7

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 1 Change over Time Comparing Organisms Comparing Skeletal Structures The structure and order of bones of a human arm are similar to those of the front limbs of a cat, a dolphin, and a bat. These similarities suggest that cats, dolphins, bats, and humans had a common ancestor. Chapter 7

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 1 Change over Time Chapter 7

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 1 Change over Time Comparing Organisms, continued Comparing DNA The greater the number of similarities in DNA between species, the more closely those two species are related through a common ancestor. The fact that all existing species have DNA supports the theory that all species share a common ancestor. Chapter 7

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 2 How Does Evolution Happen? Bellringer Upright walking, hair, fingerprints, binocular vision, and speech are all traits that almost all humans have in common. List the advantages and disadvantages of each trait. Do you think the advantages are greater than the disadvantages? Why or why not? Record your responses in your science journal. Chapter 7

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 2 How Does Evolution Happen? Objectives List four sources of Charles Darwin’s ideas about evolution. Describe the four parts of Darwin’s theory of evolution by natural that gradual processes had changed the Earth’s surface over selection. Relate genetics to evolution. Chapter 7

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 2 How Does Evolution Happen? Charles Darwin Darwin’s Excellent Adventure After Charles Darwin graduated from college, he served as naturalist on a ship called the HMS Beagle. During a voyage around the world, Darwin collected thousands of plant and animal samples. Chapter 7

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 2 How Does Evolution Happen? Charles Darwin Darwin’s Finches Darwin noticed that the finches of the Galápagos Islands were a little different from the finches in Ecuador. And the finches on each island differed from the finches on the other islands. Chapter 7

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 2 How Does Evolution Happen? Darwin’s Thinking Chapter 7 Ideas About Breeding * is called selective breeding. Ideas About Population Only a limited number of individuals survive to reproduce. Thus, there is something special about the offspring of the survivors.

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 2 How Does Evolution Happen? Darwin’s Thinking, continued Chapter 7 Ideas About Earth’s History Darwin had begun to think that species could evolve over time. It became clear to Darwin that Earth was much older than anyone had imagined.

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 2 How Does Evolution Happen? Darwin’s Theory of Natural Selection Chapter 7 What Is Natural Selection? Darwin proposed the theory that evolution happens through a process that he called natural selection. * Genetics and Evolution Today, scientists have found most of the evidence that Darwin lacked. They know that variation happens as a result of differences in genes.

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Section 2 How Does Evolution Happen? Chapter 7

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 3 Natural Selection in Action Bellringer Write the four parts of natural selection, and create a mnemonic device to remember each part by using the first letter of the words. Write your response in your science journal. Chapter 7

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 3 Natural Selection in Action Objectives Give three examples of natural selection in action. Outline the process of speciation. Chapter 7

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 3 Natural Selection in Action Changes in Populations Adaptation to Hunting People hunt elephants for their tusks. As a result, fewer of the elephants that have tusks survive to reproduce, and more of the tuskless elephants survive. Insecticide Resistance A few insects in a population may be naturally resistant to a chemical insecticide. These insects pass their resistance trait to their offspring, and an insect population gradually becomes resistant to the insecticide. Chapter 7

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 3 Natural Selection in Action Changes in Populations, continued Chapter 7

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 3 Natural Selection in Action Changes in Populations, continued Competition for Mates Many species have so much competition for mates that interesting adaptations result. For example, the females of many bird species prefer to mate with males that have colorful feathers. Chapter 7

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 3 Natural Selection in Action Forming a New Species Sometimes, drastic changes that can form a new species take place. * is called speciation. Chapter 7

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 3 Natural Selection in Action Chapter 7

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 3 Natural Selection in Action Forming a New Species, continued Separation Speciation often begins when a part of a population becomes separated from the rest. Adaptation Populations constantly undergo natural selection. After two groups have separated, natural selection may act on each group in different ways. Chapter 7

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 3 Natural Selection in Action Forming a New Species, continued Division Over many generations, two separated groups of a population may become very different until the point when they can no longer mate with one another. At this point, the two groups are no longer the same species. Chapter 7