Heavy Flavor Workshop, Beijing, China, ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba1 Heavy flavor collective flow measurements at RHIC ShinIchi Esumi Univ. of Tsukuba In collaboration with : H. Huang, Y. Miake, S. Sakai, N. Xu, Y. Zhang

Heavy Flavor Workshop, Beijing, China, ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba2 x z Non-central Collisions locally thermal Radial Collective Expansion Analysis of Collectivity in Heavy Ion Collisions Radial Flow Elliptic and Directed Flow boost coalescence/hydro jet suppression/geometry

Heavy Flavor Workshop, Beijing, China, ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba3 PHENIX preliminary annihilation compton scattering Bremsstrahlung (energy loss) prompt photon v 2 = 0 v 2 < 0 thermal photon v 2 > 0 Jet-frag. photon from the survived parton v 2 > 0 direct photon as a probe of bulk matter consistent with prompt photon production, but we are free to speculate. QM06

Heavy Flavor Workshop, Beijing, China, ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba4 STAR preliminary v 2 scaling with m T -m + number of quark v2v2 p T (GeV/c) RQMD Au+Au 200GeV Feng Liu, QM06 No separation in freeze-out Mass effect after freeze-out Feed down effect masked Low p T part squeezed Scaling in RQMD mass m T slope A+A p+p radial flow QM06

Heavy Flavor Workshop, Beijing, China, ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba5 N e : inclusive electron yield material amounts :  0 1.1% 1.7% Dalitz : 0.8% X 0 equivalent 0 With converter Conversion in converter W/O converter 0.8% Non-photonic Conversion from known material ? % Photonic cocktail method converter method eID with RICH B.G. BG subtracted energy – momentum matching Method

Heavy Flavor Workshop, Beijing, China, ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba6 Non-photonic electron spectra and R AA nucl-ex/

Heavy Flavor Workshop, Beijing, China, ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba7 Non-photonic electron R AA vs p T (centrality dependence) QM06

Heavy Flavor Workshop, Beijing, China, ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba8 π v 2 nucl-ex/ Estimation of photonic electron v 2 simulation subtraction

Heavy Flavor Workshop, Beijing, China, ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba9 v 2 incl. = N non-ph. v 2 non-ph. + N phot. v 2 phot. N non-ph. + N phot. Non-photonic electron v 2 QM06

Heavy Flavor Workshop, Beijing, China, ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba10 centrality dependence of non-photonic electron v2 compared with hadrons PHENIX RUN2 PHENIX RUN4

Heavy Flavor Workshop, Beijing, China, ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba11 hint #0 of charm quark collectivity STAR nucl-ex/

Heavy Flavor Workshop, Beijing, China, ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba12 u/d/(s) quarks v2 c quark v2 quark p T (GeV/c) quark v 2 Shingo preliminary D meson v 2 p T (GeV/c) PHENIX preliminary data electron v 2 from D meson decay v2 D (p T ) ~ v2 q (p T *1/6) + v2 c (p T *5/6) Estimation of D-meson and charm quark v 2 (I) SQM06 v 2 shape assumption for D-meson magnitude fitted to minimize  2

Heavy Flavor Workshop, Beijing, China, ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba13   minimum result D->e 22 44 11  2 minimum : a = 1, b = 0.96 (  2 /ndf = 22/27) v 2 (u,d,s) ~ v 2 (c) universal v 2 (p T ) for quark v2  (p T ) ~ 2*v2 q (p T *1/2) v2 p (p T ) ~ 3*v2 q (p T *1/3) v2 D (p T ) ~ v2 q (p T *1/6) + v2 q (p T *5/6) Simultaneous fitting of  /K/p/e v 2 Estimation of D-meson and charm quark v 2 (II) QM06

Heavy Flavor Workshop, Beijing, China, ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba14 Does it follow the scaling with other hadrons? This is when we assume D meson v2 has same pT dependence as proton. This is at the lower limit of D meson v2 from the previous page 12. We can not rule out that D-meson flowing with other hadrons. Quark mass difference is neglected here. (n q =2) QM06

Heavy Flavor Workshop, Beijing, China, ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba15 HP06 Estimation of B-meson contribution

Heavy Flavor Workshop, Beijing, China, ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba16 HP06 combination of D- and B-meson We need to increase B contribution further more even with v 2b =0. It will be more difficult to explain R AA.

Heavy Flavor Workshop, Beijing, China, ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba17 HP06 D meson only (b/c=0) case : no-bottom at all Charm v 2 reduction at high p T is preferred. electron v 2 from D-meson alone with v 2 reduction at high p T

Heavy Flavor Workshop, Beijing, China, ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba18 Pythia D-meson decay electron p T D-meson p T case 1 case 2 input D-meson v2 output electron v2 input D-meson v2 output electron v2 1 st 2 nd 3 rd 4 th 5 th iteration Difference between expected and output electron v 2 is used to feed back the input D- meson v 2 without shape assumption. Slight difference in feed back procedure and expected electron v2 between case1 and case2.

Heavy Flavor Workshop, Beijing, China, ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba19 case 1 case 2 electron v 2 from D-meson alone without assumption in D-meson v 2 shape input pythia D-meson v2 output pythia electron v2 expected electron v2 (parameterized by experimental data) v2v2 p T (GeV/c)

Heavy Flavor Workshop, Beijing, China, ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba20 AuAu Central charm hadron AuAu Central , K, p AuAu Central strangeness hadron SQM06, Yifei Zhang hint #1 of charm quark collectivity

Heavy Flavor Workshop, Beijing, China, ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba21 N. Xu, SQM 2006, PHENIX ( , K, p, J/  ): PRC69, (04), QM05; STAR ( , ,  ): QM05 RHIC SPS hint #2 of charm quark collectivity PHENIX J/  PBM et. al. QM06

Heavy Flavor Workshop, Beijing, China, ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba22 hint #3 of charm quark collectivity QM06

Heavy Flavor Workshop, Beijing, China, ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba23 heavy flavor tracker, silicon vertex detector direct measurement D meson v 2 new reaction plane detector good resolution => reduce error from R.P. J/ψ v 2 & high pT non-photonic electron v 2 Reaction plane detector for PHENIX Heavy Flavor Tracker for STAR Vertex Tracker, Forward Calorimeter for PHENIX

Heavy Flavor Workshop, Beijing, China, ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba24 Summary Charm quark shows collectivity at RHIC.