Chapter 6 Review SS8H5A,B,C,D

Headright System  The “head” of each family was entitled to 200 acres of land plus an additional 50 acres for each family member up to 1,000 acres.  Revolutionary war veterans were eligible for additional acreage based on their rank  The pieces were often irregularly shaped and many times were larger than they were supposed to be.

Yazoo Land Fraud  1795  Four land companies bribed legislators to sell them public lands.  A law was passed selling 35 million acres for $500,000 roughly 1.5 cents per acre  The citizens were upset  The law was repealed, and legislators were voted out of office.  Georgia cede all land west of the Chattahoochee River for $1.25 million dollars

Railroads  1833 first railroad chartered.  1836 Western and Atlantic is established  Georgia built railroads which increased the speed and decreased the cost of east-west transportation.  Terminus and Marthasville

Cotton Gin ►Invented by Eli Whitney in 1793 ►The Cotton Gin – it made the production of cotton faster and cheaper ►Cotton became more economical to grow and led to an increase in the use of slave labor.

Cotton Gin and Railroad  Both of these boosted Georgia’s economy and made it an economic powerhouse in the 1800’s.

Baptist and Methodist Churches  Early 1800’s the Great Revival a protestant movement sweeps through the south.  Baptist and Methodist churches (Methodist church founded by John Wesley he came over with Oglethorpe) spring up as a result.  Many of these churches relied on circuit riders (traveling preachers)

University of Georgia  Chartered on January 27, 1785  Nation’s first State University  Built on land set aside by the state for education (land grant college)  Franklin College was it’s early name (named for Benjamin Franklin  Located in Athens a city planned as the site for the University  No classes for the first 16 years as it only exited on paper.

Cotton  Was Georgia’s most economically beneficial crop.

Alexander McGillivray  Creek Chief in the late 1700’s  Fought the Americans during the Oconee War  Signed the Treaty of New York (1790) ceding all creek land east of the Oconee River

Worcester v. Georgia  Supreme Court decision handed down by Chief Justice John Marshall  Supported the missionaries (Butler and Worcester) who refused to take the oath of allegiance to the Georgia government.  The decision stated that the Cherokee nation had its own government and was sovereign, and that state law did not apply there.

John Marshall  4 th Chief Justice of the United States  Render a decision in favor of the Cherokee in Worcester v. Georgia.  This decision stated that the Cherokee nation was autonomous (independent) and that Georgia law did not apply there.

Andrew Jackson  Army general fought in the Creek wars at Ft. Mims an in the War of  7 th president of the United States  Ordered the Cherokee (as well as other native Americans) removed  Was opposed to the decision in Worcester v. Georgia said “John Marshall has rendered his decision, now let him enforce it.”

William McIntosh  Creek Chief who signed the Treaty of Indian Springs giving away the last of the Creek lands for $200,000 dollars  “Murdered” by Menewa and his warriors for betraying his people

John Ross  He was a principal chief of the Cherokee nation who was opposed to the Cherokee removal and made numerous trips to Washington to protest this.  Opposed the Treaty of New Echota

Removal of Creeks and Cherokees  The Creek removed by 1825 Treaty of Indian Springs  Seminole early 1800’s.  Cherokee removed 1838 – 1839  All Native Americans were moved to Indian Territory

Sequoyah  Of mixed parentage (half European half Cherokee)  Created the “syllabary” an 85 character alphabet  Allowed the Cherokee to write their language

Dahlonega Gold Rush  In 1828 Gold is discovered in what is today White County  Led to an influx of outsiders seeking easy wealth.  Led to the stripping of rights of the Cherokee as well as their removal from Georgia

Trail of Tears  Indian Removal Act is passed in 1830  Removed the Cherokee as well as other native peoples from the southeast to Indian territory (Oklahoma and Arkansas)  Signed into law by President Andrew Jackson