Cat Retinal Ganglion Cell Physiological Classes

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Presentation transcript:

Cat Retinal Ganglion Cell Physiological Classes

Rabbit’s Visual Streak

Molecular Determination of Ganglion Cell Classes

Concentric G Cell Morpho Summary

Central Projections

Frog Retinal Ganglion Cell Classes

Amphibian RGCs directly mediate behavioral responses

Reporting direction of movement

On-Off DS GCs Have 4 Directional Subtypes

3-D Reconstruction of DS GC

No Overall Dendritic Asymmetry

DS Independent of Contrast

DS is Independent of Velocity

DS Subunits

DS GCs exhibit directional hyperauity

Anatomical Models

Starburst (Cholinergic) Amacrine Cells

One Hypothesis suggests asymmetric cholinergic input to account for some DS

Borg-Graham & Grzywacz Asymmetric Ach Model

Spike Codes: Is rate all that matters?

Response Variability

Control of Synchrony

The Aperture Problem: What is Missing in the Output of One Cell

Correlated Firing Encodes Unified Motion in Visual Cortex

What is the Computational Importance of Synchronous Firing to the Next Stage?

Hypothesis: The Brain Operates at Multiple Levels of Coherence.

What Mechanisms Produce Synchronous Firing in Visual Cortex?

Synchrony from Ganglion cells? One Possible Solution: Suppose Close-by Retinal Ganglion Cells Supply a Synchronous Signal for Separated Cells in Higher Centers? Synchrony from Ganglion cells?

Ganglion cell Synchrony Questions Do Retinal Ganglion Cells Fire Synchronously? Does Synchronous Firing Code Anything Interesting? What Retinal Mechanisms Mediate Synchrony? Ganglion cell Synchrony Questions

Multielectrode Recording: Flash vs Bar

Extended Bar

DS Ganglion Cell Responses to Extended Bars vs Flash (& Spot)

GABAergic Amacrine Cell Control of Synchrony

Spikes in Starburst Amacrine Cells

Patch-Clamp Recording

Multiple Spike Heights

Can Hyperpolarizing Somatic Current Eliminate Spikes Produced by Preferred-Direction Motion?

Can Depolarizing Somatic Current Overcome Null-Direction Motion Inhibition?

Is Inability to Generate Spikes by Current During Null Motion Due to Fatigue or Active Adaptation?

Is Shunting at Soma the Problem?