Part 5

Global, Social, and Personal Implications of International Conflict Read p The threat of Nuclear War Assignment p Taken together, what do these quotations reveal about how the threat of nuclear war perceived by people around the world? What effects might this perception have on people’s beliefs values?

The principles of Liberalism that were abandoned by the United States (how did the American lose touch locally with fundamental principles it was trying to defend and promote globally.?) Event Explanation Cold war Hysteria Espionage 1960 U-2 Incident McCarthyism House Un- American Activities Committee Julius and Ethel Rosenberg

Cold War Hysteria the Cold war intensified, a wave of anti- Communist histeria developed. This was fueled by Soviet actions in Eastern Europe and, unlike the United States, unwillingness to substantially reduce military forces. The Communist Victory in China added to the public fear as did the annoncement that the Soviets had developed an atomic bomb. The public began to think that the Truman Administration was mismanaging the Cold War. Some Republicans began to intimate that disloyal Americans were undermining the American effort against the Communists

Espionage Espionage or Spying involves an individual obtaining information that is considered secret or confidential without the permission of the holder of the information. Espionage is inherently clandestine, as the legitimate holder of the information may change plans or take other countermeasures once it is known that the information is in unauthorized hands

Julies and Ethel Rosenberg Julius Rosenberg and Ethel Rosenberg were American communists who were executed in 1953 after having been found guilty of conspiracy to commit espionage. The charges were in relation to the passing of information about the atomic bomb to the Soviet Union. Theirs was the first execution of civilians for espionage in United States history assignment-discovery-julius-and-ethel-rosenberg- video.htm

1960 U-2 Incident The 1960 U-2 incident occurred during the Cold War on May 1, 1960 when an American U-2 spy plane was shot down over the Soviet Union. At first, the United States government denied the plane's purpose and mission, but was forced to admit its role as a covert surveillance aircraft when the Soviet government produced its remains (largely intact) and surviving pilot, Francis Gary Powers. Coming just over two weeks before the scheduled opening of an East-West summit in Paris, the incident was a great embarrassment to the United States and prompted a marked deterioration in its relations with the Soviet Union. IWsE&feature=related

McCarthyism McCarthyism is the politically motivated practice of making accusations of disloyalty, subversion, or treason without proper regard for evidence. The term specifically describes activities associated with the period in the United States known as the Second Red Scare, lasting roughly from the late 1940s to the late 1950s and characterized by heightened fears of communist influence on American institutions and espionage by Soviet agents. Originally coined to criticize the anti-communist pursuits of U.S. Senator Joseph McCarthy, "McCarthyism" soon took on a broader meaning, describing the excesses of similar efforts.

House Un-American Activities Committee The House Committee on Un-American Activities was an investigative committee of the United States House of Representatives. The committee's anti-communist investigations are often confused with those of Senator Joseph McCarthy. [3] McCarthy, as a senator, had no direct involvement with this House committee

Reflect and Analyze Ideological differences on a “global scale” American’s valued liberal democracy; personal freedoms and the importance of the individual. The Soviets valued egalitarianism and the importance of the working class Each side expanded their sphere of influence and territory ( expansionism) The atomic bomb became a strong deterrent to open warfare and led to period of detente

Genbaku Dome

Move Counter Move Competition of Ideologies Expansion and Containment Fear of spread of communism and Liberalism Links to ideologies -Blockade Reaction to freedom, increased wealth and opportunity, Democracy, voluntarily choose their ideology. -Air Lift Reaction to oppression and government control. Eastern Block Air Lift Blockade Marshall Plan USSR USA

Cold War Shelter High tension Build up of nuclear weapons Arms race Propaganda Brinkmanship Height of Cold War Impact was not just on governments but the lives of people around the world. Links to ideologies -Demonstration of ideological influence through balance of power Detente Cold war hysteria American values of personal freedom and the importance of individuals vs. Soviet values of egalitarianism and the importance of the working class. McCarthyism National Security