POTW Pyrethroid Survey Results: Data Review and Summary Yuzhou Luo CDPR/EM/SWPP

Overview 32 POTW facilities throughout California (one primary treatment, 18 secondary, 12 tertiary, one unknown) One sampling event for each POTW in early pyrethroids (bifenthrin, cyfluthrin, cypermethrin, deltamethrin, esfenvalerate, fenpropathrin, λ-cyhalothrin, permethrin) Reported data: whole-water concentrations in influent and effluent; concentration in biosolids Samples are not timed between influent, effluent, and biosolids collection

Detection Frequency InfluentEffluent bifenthrin96%82% cyfluthrin88%60% cypermethrin81% deltamethrin43%16% esfenvalerate46%32% fenpropathrin4.5%3.2% λ-cyhalothrin81%48% permethrin100%65% Notes: [1] shows averages of detection frequencies by two Labs; [2] limits of detection (LOD) for influent are 4~10 times of those for effluent

Concentrations in Effluent The maximum concentration (ng/L) USEPA OPP aquatic life benchmark (ng/L) Fish, acute Fish, chronic Invertebrates, acute Invertebrates, chronic bifenthrin cyfluthrin cypermethrin deltamethrin esfenvalerate fenpropathrin λ-cyhalothrin permethrin

Bifenthrin: Effluent Concentrations Exceedance frequency Detected onlyAll samples Primary100% Secondary29%27% Tertiary0% Overall22%18%

Permethrin: Effluent Concentrations Exceedance frequency Detected onlyAll samples Primary100% Secondary100%83% Tertiary100%33% Overall100%65%

Percent reduction by treatment types