Migration processes in Latvia

Legal Illegal Depending on the destination Regional International –Emigration –Immigration Types of migration in our school Depending on its nature Depending on the duration Daily commuting Seasonal Permanent Depending on the motive Searching for work Searching for refuge Settling a new land Pursuing a higher quality of life Because of studies and projects Repatriation(returning to one’s homeland) Because of marriage Voluntary Involuntary Depending on the political status

Daily commuting live in Riga live outside of Riga Students Teachers Social and financial aspects Extra time with one’s family 3 or more hours spent on the road – getting up early and returning home late Reduces time for creative/athletic activities Reduces time for one’s family Constitutes extra expenses Socializing and the development of one’s independence Makes having friends outside one’s school difficult

Repatriates Social aspects Positive aspects Experience of living in different communities This experience positively influences school life Expression of a pro- found national identity Tendency to be more psychologically and geographically adaptable Negative aspects Having to get used to a society that is still learning to be tolerant Culture shock Adaptation

Repatriates Educational aspects Positive aspects An increase in foreign language skills Diversity in the learning process Negative aspects Troubles with learning the Latvian language The inability to meet the Latvian standard of education

Repatriates Financial aspects Positive aspects Financial affluency; parentshave more choices concerning their children’s education Negative aspects If they were students of another school, they’d be in a better financial situation and would look better in comparison

The immigration of whole families Social aspects Positive aspects Experience of living in different communities This experience positively influences school life Tendency to be more psychologically and geographically adaptable They teach local students tolerance Negative aspects The language barrier Having to get used to a society that is still learning to be tolerant Feelings of nostalgia Culture shock Adaptation

The immigration of whole families Educational aspects Positive aspects An increase in foreign language skills Diversity in the learning process Negative aspects Troubles with learning the Latvian language The language barrier hinders the comprehension of terminology. The difficulties with meeting the Latvian standard of education

The immigration of whole families Financial aspects Positive aspects Financial affluency; parents have more choices concerning their children’s education Negative aspects If they were students of another school, they’d be in a better financial situation and would look better in comparison

The immigration of a parent Social aspects Positive aspects New experiences concerning family life The broadening of a child’s horizon Opportunity to travel Negative aspects The confusing of psychological information In the event of a divorce, children can become “hostages” Troubled contact with one of the parents

The immigration of a parent Educational aspects Positive aspects An increase in foreign language skills Negative aspects

The immigration of a parent Financial aspects Positive aspects An increase in the family’s financial situation Negative aspects

Whole families migrate because of parents’ employment Social aspects Positive aspects Experience of living in different communities This experience positively influences school life Tendency to be more psychologically and geographically adaptable Children teach their peers tolerance Children are quicker to make contacts Negative aspects Constant state of adaptation Quick, but superficial contacts Difficulties with maintaining friendships which complicates the idea of constant migration

Whole families migrate because of parents’ employment Educational aspects Positive aspects An increase in foreign language skills Negative aspects Constant adaptation to new demands Inclination to ignore these demands A sloppy level of skills and knowledge

Whole families migrate because of parents’ employment Financial aspects Positive aspects Financial affluency; parents have more choices concerning their children’s education Negative aspects

Parents work abroad for a significant amount of time Social aspects Positive aspects Tendency to be more self- sufficient and independent Broadening of contacts and acquaintances despite the lack of affection in one’s family The shaping of one’s identity Negative aspects The tendency to get involved with the wrong groups of people Early romantic relationships Tendency to develop addictions

Parents work abroad for a significant amount of time Educational aspects Positive aspects The tendency to use all the possibilites their schools offer Negative aspects Due to lack of control, students tend to do worse in school

Parents work abroad for a significant amount of time Financial aspects Positive aspects Financial affluency; parents have more choices concerning their children’s education Negative aspects

One of the parents has emigrated Social aspects Positive aspects Tendency to be more independent Children learn how to deal with loss They learn how to live in a different family model Negative aspects Manipulative behavior Learned helplessness Inadequate behavior in an attempt to restore the former lifestyle

One of the parents has emigrated Educational aspects Positive aspects Negative aspects Fluctuating test scores

One of the parents has emigrated Financial aspects Negative aspects If not – children can suffer financially Positive aspects Financial aid from the parent if contact between them is maintained

Children have studied abroad for a significant period of time Social aspects Positive aspects Tendency to be more self- sufficient Tolerance to other cultures, religions, races Negative aspects Difficulties with adapting to groups of peers Lack of motivation Arrogant behavior that complicates relationships with peers

One of the parents has emigrated and lives abroad Educational aspects Negative aspects Inability to meet the Latvian educational standard They often have low scores and they repeat a grade Positive aspects An increase in foreign language skills

One of the parents has emigrated and lives abroad financial aspects Positive aspects Negative aspects

Thank you for attention