ISCCP SO FAR (at 30) GOALS ►Facilitate "climate" research ►Determine cloud effects on radiation exchanges ►Determine cloud role in global water cycle ▬ Issue of Feedbacks was implicit but climate monitoring not intended, only estimating magnitude of interannual variability

Radiance Calibration: Decreased Absolute Uncertainty, Decreased Relative Uncertainty (More Homogeneous) Ancillary Data: Revised for Homogeneity, Improved Resolution and Physical Detail Cloud Detection: Sensitivity Increased Slightly, Method now Homogeneous in Polar Regions Cloud Retrieval: Improved Ice Cloud Model, Revised Particle Sizes, Aerosol Effects Included Surface Retrieval: Aerosol Effects Included, IR Emissivities Used Products: Increased Spatial Resolution, More Product Levels, Missing Values Filled in Gridded Products, All Gridded Products in NetCDF ISCCP SO FAR

Facilitate Research Removed All Obstacles to Using Satellite Radiances –Sampling to Reduce Volume –Standard Format across all Satellites (READ software) –Common Absolute Calibration Produced Globally Merged & Homogeneous Products Hierarchical Product Design for Different Purposes –Original Image Format & Labeling for Algorithm Development –Gridded & High Time Resolution for Process Studies –Gridded & Time Averaged for Climatological Studies

IT’S EASY WHEN YOU KNOW HOW TO DO IT 35 Geostationary Satellites 15 Polar Orbiting Satellites

Analysis Procedure Accomplishments Principles of Cloud Detection Defined & Quantified Quantified Sampling-Averaging Effects on Results Pioneered Radiative Model-Based Retrievals Pioneered Merged Multi-Instrument Analysis Pioneered Multi-Data-Stream Analysis

CLOUD AMOUNT CLOUD TOP PRESSURE

CLOUD TOP TEMPERATURE CLOUD WATER PATH

LIQUID DROPLET RADIUS ICE CRYSTAL RADIUS

TOA NET RADIATION & CLOUD EFFECTS

SRF NET RADIATION & CLOUD EFFECTS

ATM NET LW RAD & CLOUD EFFECTS

HEAT TRANSPORT ATMOS OCEAN Cloud Effect Atmos Ocean CLOUD EFFECT ON ATMOSPHERE Heating Cooling Heating STORMS

Precipitation Onset Radiation Budget

HEATING COOLING PRECIPITATION RATE MESOSCALE CONVECTION

CYCLONE TRACKS CYCLONE HEATING WEATHER STATES RADIATION PRECIPITATION ▼ ▼

GLOBAL CLOUD REGIMES = WEATHER STATES IT’S 42!!

CVS DISTRIBUTIONS FOR GLOBAL WEATHER STATES

500 MB VERTICAL VELOCITY DISTRIBUTIONS FOR GLOBAL WEATHER STATES

ISCCP CLIMATOLOGY 2009 CA=66.4% PC=573mb TAU=3.9 TC=261.6K

Cloud Amount Anomalies in Regions of Large and No View Angle Changes

ISCCP Version D to Version H Radiance Calibration: Decreased Absolute Uncertainty, Decreased Relative Uncertainty (More Homogeneous) Ancillary Data: Revised for Homogeneity, Improved Resolution and Physical Detail Cloud Detection: Sensitivity Increased Slightly, Method now Homogeneous in Polar Regions Cloud Retrieval: Improved Ice Cloud Model, Revised Particle Sizes, Aerosol Effects Included Surface Retrieval: Aerosol Effects Included, IR Emissivities Used Products: Increased Spatial Resolution, More Product Levels, Missing Values Filled in Gridded Products, All Gridded Products in NetCDF

BACKUP SLIDES

Research Accomplishments > 9,000 Citations (since 2011) Implying Product Usage Different Diurnal Phases for Different Cloud Types over Ocean and Land Different Types of Tropical Convection Suggestion of Thin Clouds at Tropical Tropopause First Quantitative Global Distributions of Cloud Top Temperature and Optical Thickness First Global Distribution of Liquid Cloud Droplet Size Quantification of Cloud Effects on TOA Radiative Fluxes & Surface Radiative Fluxes & Radiative Flux Profiles Connection of Cloud Optical Properties with Classical Cloud Types -- - Global Weather States Precipitation versus Storm Types Climatology

Programmatic Influences of ISCCP (aka the Acronym Lecture) NASA: EOSDIS, REASONS, MEASURES  ESDR NOAA/EUMETSAT  CDR & Development of R2O Procedures WCRP: WGSM  WOAP  WDAC But Mainly GEWEX Radiation Panel (now GDAP)  GCOS ECV Multi-agency collaboration  CEOS/CGMS  SCOPE-CM (GEO) GEWEX Data Assessments  Development of Maturity Index

Global HX Picture

Composite of Diabatic Heating of Atmosphere with Cyclone Strength

GLOBAL CLOUD REGIMES = WEATHER STATES

Effect on Cloud Amounts of IR Calibration Error Effect on Cloud Amounts of VIS Calibration Error Uncertainty +6% −6% +6% −4%

Surface Temperature Anomalies RTOVS  ATOVS TOVS  RTOVS Algorithm Changes

GEWEX JOINT DATA PRODUCT (1998–2012) ISCCP Cloud Properties (1979–2012) GPCP Precipitation (1979–2012, daily from 1998) SRB TOA & SRF Radiative Fluxes (1979–2012) SEAFLUX Ocean Surface Turbulent Fluxes (1992–2012) LANDFLUX Land Surface Turbulent Fluxes (1992–2012 ICEFLUX Surface Turbulent Fluxes [??] Atmospheric Temperature-Humidity (1979–2012) Ozone and Aerosols (1979–2012) Snow, Glacier, Sea Ice and Ice Shelf Cover (1979–2012) Topography and Surface Types

Net at TOA : +2.5 (7) Net at Surface: 120 (11) SW : -101 (9)LW : -238 (4) Numbers in brackets indicate ranges of spread; all values are given within ± 0.5 W/m 2. SW : +342 SW : +192 (11)LW : +344 (2)LW : -394 (14) Observational Radiation Budget from ISCCP/SRB/CERES averaged over 03/2000 to 02/2004 Color scale for both maps SW : -22 (3) SW div: +73 (4)LW div: -188 (3) LW : 0 Greenhouse Effect: +156 (3)

SW : -48 (5)LW : +27 (1)LW : 0 SW : -56 (15)SW : -6 (2)LW : ~0 (3)LW : +32 (8) Color scale for both maps Numbers in brackets indicate ranges of spread; all values are given within ±0.5 W/m 2. Total Net at Surface: -18 (11) Total Net at TOA: -22 (3) Cloud Radiative Effects on Observational Radiation Budget from ISCCP/SRB/CERES averaged over 03/2000 to 02/2004 SW div : +1 (7)IR - Greenhouse Effect: +27 (2)LW div : -5 (2) SW : +342