Documentation

Documentation Once a design has been approved and fully researched, the part needs to be prototyped or manufactured. To do so, we need to have the appropriate documentation to communicate the idea to everyone in the company. Documentation is the most difficult, time consuming, yet most important part of engineering communication. This documentation is done with working drawings.

Working Drawings Working drawings are a complete set of drawings that document how an object will be manufactured and assembled. Each set should include: Part Drawings Assembly Drawings Parts List Specifications or Instructions

Part Drawing A part drawing is the drawing that contains all the information for making one part of the design. This drawing consists of dimensioned orthographic views. If necessary, section, auxiliary, detail, and an isometric view can help document the part. All features of the part will be dimensioned so that it can be manufactured.

Part Drawing Example

Title Blocks Title blocks are necessary to identify the drawing and the general details that go along with that part. An example showing the parts of a title block are shown on the next slide.

© Project Lead The Way, Inc. Title Blocks Size of sheet. Important when reading a drawing to ensure that the drawing is printed to display the proper scale properly. Also valuable when printing. General notes and information. Located here you will see information on fillet and rounds, tolerances, and other general information that would take up too much space on the drawing if repeated on every feature. Zoning is used to find specific locations on the drawing. Usually shown in numbers and letters. Example: ANSI Large style title block. Title blocks can be customized by a company but may contain the following information Remember working drawings are made of many different types of drawings. More than one sheet usually goes with a design. The drawing may be checked by Quality Assurance to be sure that it meets all company standards and requirements. Title of the project, as opposed to a specific part. Name of person who checked the drawing. Just like first drafts of papers written in English class, drawings go through many revisions. Another person will check the drawing and approve the part for manufacture. Documentation of how many times the drawing has been changed. Name of person who created the drawing. Drawing number or specific part name in relationship to the total design. Scale of the part is important so that the reader understands the relative size of the part. © Project Lead The Way, Inc.

Assembly Drawings Assembly drawings Show how parts of a multi-component design fit together Generally depict at least one orthographic projection Full section views often used to show necessary internal features

Assembly Drawing Example

Information on Assembly Drawings Assembly drawings may contain One or more views (including sections or auxiliaries) Enlarged views of small details Overall or specific dimensions for assembly Notes on manufacturing processes Balloons to indicate item numbers Parts list or Bill of Materials (BOM)

Types of Assembly Drawings Assembly Drawings, Balloons, and Parts Lists Introduction to Engineering Design TM Unit 2 – Lesson 2.3 – Advanced Modeling Skills Types of Assembly Drawings Design Assembly General Assembly Detail Assembly Erection Assembly Subassembly Pictorial Assembly There are several different types of assembly drawings. The style and information included depends on the needs of the end user. As with all drawings being clear and concise with the information are the goal. Detailed drawings cover the size and shape issues on each individual parts. The assembly drawings are used to deliver any and all other information needed in the life cycle of the product. Project Lead The Way, Inc. Copyright 2007

Assembly Drawings, Balloons, and Parts Lists Introduction to Engineering Design TM Unit 2 – Lesson 2.3 – Advanced Modeling Skills Design Assembly Design assemblies show relationships between components E.g., kinematic relationship between 360° fly wheel rotation and extreme angular motion of piston cylinder body Project Lead The Way, Inc. Copyright 2007

Assembly Drawings, Balloons, and Parts Lists Introduction to Engineering Design TM Unit 2 – Lesson 2.3 – Advanced Modeling Skills Design Assembly Design assemblies often based on preliminary design process sketches before the product is modeled Project Lead The Way, Inc. Copyright 2007

General Assembly Most common type of assembly drawing is General Assembly Displayed as multi-view drawing sometimes with a section view General assemblies are not dimensioned

Assembly Drawings, Balloons, and Parts Lists Introduction to Engineering Design TM Unit 2 – Lesson 2.3 – Advanced Modeling Skills Detail Assembly Detail assembly combines an assembly view with several parts as dimensioned multi-view drawings on one drawing sheet Reduces number of drawing sheets needed More appropriate for designs with small numbers of components Project Lead The Way, Inc. Copyright 2007

Example Detail Assembly Assembly Drawings, Balloons, and Parts Lists Introduction to Engineering Design TM Unit 2 – Lesson 2.3 – Advanced Modeling Skills Example Detail Assembly Project Lead The Way, Inc. Copyright 2007

Assembly Drawings, Balloons, and Parts Lists Introduction to Engineering Design TM Unit 2 – Lesson 2.3 – Advanced Modeling Skills Erection Assembly Similar to general assemblies, except dimensions and fabrication specifications are commonly included Typically associated with cabinetry or products made from structural steel Used for fabrication and assembly Project Lead The Way, Inc. Copyright 2007

Assembly Drawings, Balloons, and Parts Lists Introduction to Engineering Design TM Unit 2 – Lesson 2.3 – Advanced Modeling Skills Subassembly Drawing Complex or large assemblies often communicated through subassembly drawings Flashlight Subassembly Project Lead The Way, Inc. Copyright 2007

Pictorial Assembly Usually isometric or perspective drawing May be rendered to imitate photographic quality Uses include Sales promotion Customer self-assembly Maintenance procedures

Pictorial Assembly Drawings Pictorial assemblies often used in catalogs, journal articles, and advertisements This pictorial is sectioned to show interior details

Pictorial Assembly Drawings Exploded pictorial assembly drawings commonly show how individual components fit together

Balloons A balloon is a circle with a single number connected to an assembly component with a leader line

Assembly Drawings, Balloons, and Parts Lists Introduction to Engineering Design TM Unit 2 – Lesson 2.3 – Advanced Modeling Skills Balloon Guidelines Balloons on a drawing are same size Balloons grouped in an easy-to-read pattern Balloon numbers correspond to item numbers in parts list Balloons do not have horizontal or vertical leader lines Project Lead The Way, Inc. Copyright 2007

Parts List Parts list is a table with information about each part contained in an assembly Item numbers correspond with balloon numbers

Assembly Drawings, Balloons, and Parts Lists Introduction to Engineering Design TM Unit 2 – Lesson 2.3 – Advanced Modeling Skills Example Parts List Project Lead The Way, Inc. Copyright 2007

Parts List Information Assembly Drawings, Balloons, and Parts Lists Introduction to Engineering Design TM Unit 2 – Lesson 2.3 – Advanced Modeling Skills Parts List Information Items typically on a parts list Item number from balloons Quantity of a particular part needed for assembly Part or drawing number as reference to the detail drawing Description (e.g., part name or complete description of part) Material identification of part Information about vendors Project Lead The Way, Inc. Copyright 2007

Assembly Drawings, Balloons, and Parts Lists Introduction to Engineering Design TM Unit 2 – Lesson 2.3 – Advanced Modeling Skills Parts List Location Location of parts list specified by company standard Common locations include Above title block (most common) Upper right corner Upper left corner Convenient location on drawing Project Lead The Way, Inc. Copyright 2007

Assembly Drawings, Balloons, and Parts Lists Introduction to Engineering Design TM Unit 2 – Lesson 2.3 – Advanced Modeling Skills Parts List Location Project Lead The Way, Inc. Copyright 2007