u’kkeqfDr vH;kl Øe u'kkeqfDr dk vFkZ,d Hkyk o ftEesnkj euq"; cuuk gS A mlds fy, gesa lHkh u'khyh phtksa dk ges'kk ds fy, R;kx dj vius O;fDrxr dks u'kk fojks/kh cukuk gS A u'kkeqfDr lk/kuk dk vH;klØe dks tkuuk le>uk o vkpj.k esa ykuk rhuks vko';d gS A 1-ih-Vh-] ;ksxk] ekSu o /;ku dks lh[kdj mls vkRelkr djuk A

2-vkRe ijh{k.k ds }kjk vius nks"k] dfe;k¡ o cqjh vknrksa dk irk yxkuk A 3-ifjorZu o lq/kkj dk fuf'pr rFkk le;c) dk;ZØe cukdj mls vkRelkr djuk A 4-LokLFko/kZd vknrksa dks vkRelkr djuk A 5-Hkkoukvksa ij fu;a=.k izkIr djuk A

6-ln~Hkko ifjokj ds lw= vkRelkr djuk A 7-u'kkeqfDr ds lw= vkRelkr djuk A 8-lknxh] Lo;alsok] lg;ksx o lgthou dks viukuk A 9-viuk thou y{; fuf'pr djuk A 10-vkReizsj.kk o vkReuq'kklu izkIr djuk A

2-u’kk[kksjh o u'kkeqfDr dh O;k[;k %& u'kk[kksjh vius vki esa,d ekufld chekjh gS Aftlds eqydkj.k vius O;fDrRo esa fNis gksrs gSA u'kk[kksjh,d izkFkfed] LFkk;h] fujarj c<us okyho tkuysok chekjh gS A

u'kk[kksjh ls ihfM+r O;fDr dk vkpj.k vkRe?kkrh]ifjokj o lekt fojks/kh cu tkrk gS A blhfy,lekt u'kkihfM+r O;fDr dks vijk/kh o ikihle>rs gS A os u'kk[kksjh dks bPNk'kfDr o uSfrdrkdk vHkko] tknw Vksus dk nq"izHkko ;k nq?kZVukvksa dknq"ifj.kke le>rs gS A u'kkihfM+r O;fDr okLrfodrk dks Lohdkj ugh djrko Hkzeksa dh nqfu;k esa thrk gS] bl Hkkon'kk dksvLohd`fr ;k fMuk;y dgk tkrk gS A

u'kk[kksjh dh vksj ys tkus u'kk[kksjh ls nwj ys tkus okys nks"kokys xq.k 1-va/kkuqdj.k1-foosd'khy ola;fer vkpj.k 2-dqlaxfr2-lRlax 3-vkyL; o dkepksjh3-ifjJeh 4-xSj ftEesnkjh4-drZO;n{krk 5-vkØed5-lkSE;rk 6-vgadkjh6-fouez 7-mrkoykiu7-lgu'khy] /kS;Zoku

u'kk[kksjh dh vksj ys tkus u'kk[kksjh ls nwj ys tkus okys nks"kokys xq.k 8-vkMacj] fn[kkok8-lknxh 9-ijkoyach9-Lokoyach 10-ijlsok ysus okyk10- Lo;alsok 11-HkkX;oknh11- deZoknh 12-minzoh12-lg;ksxh

u'kkeqfDr dh O;k[;k %& 1-u'kkeqfDr dk vFkZ,d Hkyk o ftEesnkj euq";cuuk gS AHkyk euq"; dk vFkZ tks vius nks"k] cqjkbZ;ksa dk irkyxkdj muesa fujarj lq/kkjykrk gS o tks euq"; vius O;fDrxr]ikfjokfjdo lkekftd drZO;ksa dk ikyu djrkgS] mlsftEesnkj euq"; dgk tkrk gS A

2-u'kkeqfDr dksbZ esMhdy VªhVesUV ugha cfYd,difo=] lk/kuk o varghr ozr gS A u'kkeqfDrO;lueqDr thouthus dk izf'k{k.k gS A ftlds}kjk ge,d O;lueDr thou thus dk rFkkLoLF;] fujke; thou thus dh dyko foKkulh[kdj viuk O;fDrxr ikfjokfjd o lkekftddY;k,.k dj ldsaA

3-u'kkeqfDr thou thus dk <ax] dyk o foKkugSA u'kkeqfDr,d fopkj/kkjk gS] ftldkvk/kkj foKku gSA u'kkeqfDr ldkjkRedn`f"Vdks.k olkfRod thou 'kSyh dk nwljkuke gS A 4-u'kkeqfDr dk vFkZ lHkh u'khyh phtksa dkges”kk ds fy;s R;kx djuk gS] rFkk viusO;fDro dksu'kk fojks/kh cukuk gSA

u'kkeqfDr dsUnz o vLirky esa varj u'kkeqfDr dsUnz 1-;gk¡ dsUnz esa 'kjhfjd lq/kkj ds vykok ekufld lq/kkj o vkRe tkx`fr gksrh gSA 2- ;gk¡,dkarokl vfuok;Z gksrk gS] lekt] ifjokj o nSfud thou ls nwj o vfyIr jgus dks,dkarokl dgk tkrk gS A 3-;gk¡ lknxh vfuok;Z gS A lknxh dk vFkZ lksp& fopkj iwoZd viuh vko';drk dks ek;kZfnr djuk gSA 4-;gk¡ Lo;alsok vfuok;Z gS A Lo;alsok dk vFkZ vius dk;Z [kqn djuk A vLirky 1-vLirky esa 'kjhfjd lq/kko o jksx eqfDr gksrh gS A 2-vLirky esa,dkarokl ugh gksrkA 3-vLirky esa,s'kks vkjke dh lqfo/kk miyC/k gksrh gS A 4-vLirky esa chekj O;fDr dh lsok dh tkrh gS] o mls vkjke djuk gksrk gSA

u'kkeqfDr dsUnz o vLirky esa varj u'kkeqfDr dsUnz 5-;gk¡ lqfu;ksftr\ lqfu;af=r fnup;kZ vko';d gksrk gS A 6-;gk¡ lHkh dk;ZØeksa esa lgHkkxh gksuk vfuok;Z gS A 7-u'kkeqfDr,d ifo= lk/kuk o varfgu ozr gS A 8-u'kkeqfDr ls O;fDrxr ifjokfjd o lkekftd rhuksa Lrjksa ij ekuo dY;k.k gS gksrk gS A 9-u'kk thou fojks/kh gS] blfy, og /keZ] bZ'oj o ekuo fojks/kh gS A u'kkeqfDr /keZ bZ'oj o ekuork dk dk;Z gS A vLirky 5-vLirky esa euekuh fnup;kZ gksrh gS A 6-vLirky esa vkS"kf/k lsou o foJke ds vykok dksbZ dk;Z ugh gksrk A 7-vLirky esa VªhVesUV lhehr le; ds fy, gksrk gS A 8-jksxeqfDr ls dsoy O;fDrxr ykHk gksrk gSA 9vLirky esa dsoy jksxeqfDr dk dk;Z gksrk gS tks dsoy O;fDrxr dk;Z gS A

3-LoLF;o/kZd vknrsa %& u'kkeqfDr dks lQy cukus ds fy, o vius O;fDrRo dks u'kkfojks/kh cukus ds fy, gesa lHkh LokLF;o/kZd vknrksa dks vkRelkr djuk vfuok;Z gS A LokLF;o/kZd vknrsa izd`fr o ijekRek ds }kjk cukbZ xbZ gS A blfy, izR;sd euq"; dks ;s vknrsa LosPNk ls rFkk J)kiwoZd vkRelkr djuk pkfg, ysfdu A LokLF;o/kZd vknrksa ds vHkko esa euq"; dks ihMk o nq%[k Hkksxuk iM+rk gS A

1-'kjhj] i;kZoj.k rFkk fuokl dks LoPN j[ksa A 2-Hkjiwj ifjJe o fu;fer O;k;ke djsa A 3-lqfu;ksftr o lqfu;af=r fnup;kZ viuk,W A 4-lknk & larqfyr o lfRod Hkkstu djsa A 5-fcuk MkWDVjh lykg ds vkS"kf/k lsou u djsa A

6-Øks/k] nq%[k] fpark o Hk; tSlh nq%[kn Hkkoukvksaij fu;a=.k izkIr djsa A 7-la;fer o foosd'khy ;kSu vkpj.k viuk,¡ A 8-chekfj;ksa ds dkj.kksa dk irk yxkdj muls nwjjgus ds mik; vkpj.k esa yk,¡A 9-lknxh] Lo;alsok] lg;ksx o lgthou dks viuk,¡ A

4-chekfj;ksa ls cpus ds mik; %& -,slhfMVh ls cpus ds mik; & 1-fdlh izdkj dk u'kk u djsa A 2-rkelh Hkkstu u djsa A ued rsy] fepZ&elkys dkmi;ksx vR;ar de ek=k esa djsa A uedhu] ryh bqbZphtsa] csdjh ds inkFkZ] dksfYMªDl lHkh pkV ds inkFkZo QkLV QwM dk lsou u djsa A

3-t:jr ls T;knk u [kk;sa o [kkyh isV Hkh ujgsa Aiwjs fnu ds Hkkstu dks 3&4 leku fgLlksaesa ckaVdj 4 ?kaVs ds varjky ls xzg.k djsa A 4-fcuk MkWDVjh lykg ds rFkk [kkyh isV vkS"k/khlsouu djsaA 5-euekuh fnup;kZ dks NksM+dj lqfu;ksftr olqfu;af=r fnup;kZ viuk;sa A

6-fnu esa u lks;s o jkr esa u txsa A 7-ifjJe o fu;fer O;k;ke ds vHkko esa,slhfMVhgks ldrh gS A blfy, Hkjiwj ifjJe o fu;ferO;k;ke djsaA 8-dMd feBh pk; u fi;sa A pk; ds ctk; B.Mknw/k ;k ouLifr pk; ysa A

9-vfu;af=r fpark ls vDlj,slhfMVh c<+rh gS Ablfy, nq%[kn Hkkoukvksa ij fu;a=.k izkIr djsa A 10-,slhfMVh ds dkj.kksa dk irk yxkdj mls nwjdjsa] u fdvkS"kf/k;ksa ij fuHkZj jgsa A

2-dCt] c)dks"Brk ;k eykojks/k ls cpus ds mik; %& 1-iwjs fnu ckj&ckj Hkjiwj ikuh fi;sa A 2-lqcg cz'k djus ds ckn dqudquk ikuh Hkjiwj fi;sa A 3-nSfud fu;fer O;k;ke ds ckn iw.kZ iou eqDrklurFkk iSjksa ds iUtksa ij [kMs gksdj tEi yxkus dkO;k;ke djaas A

4-,slhfMVh ls cpus ds lkjs mik; vkpj.k esa yk;sa]vxj laHko gks rks lkcksZyhu flji ds 2&2 pEepfnu esa pkj ckj ysa A 5-eykojks/k ds ewy dkj.kksa dk irk yxkdj mls nwjdjsa u fd nokbZ;ksa ij fuHkZj jgsa A 3-ikbYl] coklhj ;k ewyO;k/k ls cpus ds mik; %& 1-,slhfMVh o dCt ls cpus ds lkjs mik; vkpj.kesa yk;sa A

2-ikbYl dk eyge fnu esa 3&4 ckj jkr dks lksrsle; xqn}kj ij yxk;sa A 3-gfj lfCt;k¡] Qy] js'knkj o Qkbcj;qDr Hkkstugh xzg.k djsa A 4-coklhj ds dksEc vxj cMs gks pqds gksa rks MkWDVjhlykg ds vuqlkj,d ckj vkWijs'ku djk ysa A 5-eykojks/k ;k dCtk jksdus ds lkjs mik; o LokLFko/kZd vknrksa dks vkRelkr djsaA

4-nLr] tqykc ;k Mk;fj;k ls cpus ds mik; %& 1-,slhfMVh] dCt o coklhj ls cpus ds lkjs mik;vkpj.k esa yk;sa A 2-nLr yxrs gh Hkkstu djuk can dj nsa A 3-ckj&ckj ikuh Hkjiwj fi;sa] pkgs rks ikuh esa pwVdhHkj ued o 'kDdj feyk ysaA ;k fQjbysDVªksykbZM Hkh bLreky dj ldrs gS A

4-yks&izkekbM dh xksfy;k¡ 2&2 xksfy;k¡ fnu esa 3&4ckj lsou djsa A 5-nLr ds can gksus ij rktk ngh o dsys dk lsoudjsa A 6-tqykc iqjh rjg ls can gksus ij o tksjksa dh Hkw[kyxus ij gh nky&pkoy o lCth jksVh tSlklk/kkj.k Hkkstu xzg.k djsa A

7-vxj tqykc ds lkFk isV esa ejksM gks ;k tqykcds lkFk [kwu fxjrk gks rks MkWDVjh lykg dsvuqlkj vkS"k/kksipkj vo'; ysa A 5-uhan u vkus ds dkj.k o mik; %& 1-fu/kkZfjr le; ij vius fcLrj ij pys tk;sa A 2-vius 'kjhj dks 'kkar]\ fuf"Ø; o ruko jfgr voLFkk esa ysVs A

3-vk¡[ks eqandj vk¡[kksa ij diM+s dh iV~Vh gYds lsck¡/k ysa A 4-'kkar] fuf"Ø; o ruko jfgr voLFkk esa ysVs jgsa]fdlh Hkh dkj.k ls fcLrj u NksMs A 5-eu dks 'kkar] fuf"Ø; o ruko jfgr djus dsfy, fdlh ea= dks ;k fxurh dks eu gh eu esafujarj yxkrkj fu%'kCn gksdj nksgjkrs jgsa A dqNle; ckn vius gh vki uhan vk tk;sxh A

6-uhan ds fy, fdlh Hkh ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa u'kk udjsa A ;k vkS"kf/klsou u djsa A 7-ih-Vh-] ;ksxk] izkFkZuk] ekSu o /;ku fu;fer :ils fujarjyxkrkj o yEcs le; rd djusls uhan dh leL;k lekIr gks tkrh gS A

5-cks/k dk lw= %& euq"; viuh bafnz;ksa ds }kjk tkudkjh xzg.k djrk gS A ;g lkjh tkudkjh euq"; ds Lej.k dsUnz esa bdV~Bk gksrh gS A bl tkudkjh dk vaxzsth esa ukyst dgk tkrk gS A bl tkudkjh dk :ikarj.k tc cks/k ;k Kku esa gksrk gS] rHkh euq"; mldk mi;ksx lgh ;k mfpr fu.kZ; ysus esa djrk gS A dsoy tkudkjh gksus ls euq"; mfpr o lgh fu.kZ; ugh ys ikrk A dsoy tkudkjh ls euq"; dk vagdkj c< tkrk gS A euq"; thou esa tkudkjh vko';d gS] ij i;kZIr ugh A euq"; dks le>nkjh] l;kusiu dh vko';drk gS] tks

mls cks/k ;k Kku ls izkIr gksrh gS A tSls Hkkstu dk ikpu gksuk t:jh gS] oSls gh lk/kuk ds }kjk tkudkjh dk :ikarj.k cks/k ;k Kku esa gksuk vfuok;Z gS A cks/k ds vHkko esa euq"; ckj&ckj xfyr;k¡ djrk gS o mldk thou fn'kkghu gks tkrk gS A cks/k ds vHkko esa euq"; ckj&ckj xfyr;k¡ djrk gS o mldh thou ;k=k HkVd tkrh gS A og xyr fu.kZ; ysrk gS A ftlds dkj.k mls nq%[k fpark Hk; o fiMk,¡ Hkksxuh iM+rh gS A cks/k ds dkj.k vkReizsj.kk o vkReuq'kklu d tUe gksrk gSA cks/k ds }kjk gh euq"; thou ds lkjs vkuan Hkksxus dks feyrs gS A cks/k izkfIr ds fy, lk/kuk }kjk vH;kl djuk vko';d gS A

cks/k izkfIr ds lk/ku %& cks/k izkfIr ds fy, tks lk/kuk dh tkrh gS] mldsfuEufyf[kr pj.k gksrs gS A 1-fparu&euu2-ifjJe3-izkFkZuk 4-izse5-J`)k6-ekSu 7-/;ku8-Kku ;k cks/k

1-fparu&euu %& cks/k izkfIr ds fy, fparu&euu,d vklku rjhdk gS A fparu& euu dh fof/kesa Jo.k djuk] ys[ku] okpu] 'kadk&lek/kku o ppkZ dk lekos'k gksrk gSA 1-Jo.k djuk &,dkxz],dfpr gksdj lquus dksJo.k djuk dgk tkrk gS A 2-ys[ku & foLej.k ls cpus ds fy, tks Jo.kfd;k mls fy[k ysuk pkfg, A

3-okpu & tks geus fy[kk mls le; fudkydjQqeZr ls ckj&ckj i<uk t:jh gS A i<usls gekjh le> c<+rh gS vkSj gekjs eu esavusd iz'u o 'kadk;sa tUerh gSa A 4-'kadk lek/kku & euq"; dks vius vKku o Hkzenwj djus ds fy, 'kadk lek/kku djukvko';d gS A 'kadk lek/kku ls gekjs vKkuo Hkze nksuks gh nwj gksrs gS A o J`)k dktUe gksrk gS A

5-ppkZ & tc J`)k xgjh gks tkrh gS] rks euq";vius vuqHkoksa dks ppkZ ds }kjk nwljksa esa ck¡Vrk gSA 2-ifjJe %& ifjJe dk vFkZ esgur ;k Je djuk gS] ftlds }kjk ge jksth&jksVh dek ldsa A ;gizd`fr dk fu;e gS] ftls euq"; ds vykok lHkhtho vkpj.k esa ykrs gSa A fcuk ifjJe ds euq";dks 'kkjhfjd LokLF;] ekufld lq[k] 'kkafr oizse&lEeku ugh fey ldrk A /ku izkIr djus ds

fy, pksjh djuk] csbZekuh djuk] /kks[kk&/kMhdjuk]tqvk o ykWVjh [ksyuk loZFkk vuqfpr gSA D;ksafdmlds dkj.k nq%[k o ihMk;sa Hkksxuh iM+rh gS A 3-izkFkZuk %& izkFkZuk dk vFkZ ijekRek dks /kU;oknnsuk gS A tc gekjk g`n; d`rKrk ls Hkj tkrk gS]rks ge ijekRek dks /kU;okn nsrs gS A ysfdu tksgekjs ikl ugh gS] mldh ekax djus dks izkFkZuk dgk tkrk gS A tks vuqfpr gS A iq:"kkFkZ ifjJeo foosdcq)h }kjk lc dqN fey ldrk gS]blfy,ijekRek dks dsoy /kU;okn nsuk pkfg, A

4-izse %& vagdkj] vKku o Hkze ds dkj.k euq";dsoy eSa eSa djrs thrk gS A euq"; vius vkidkslcls Js"B le>rk gS A cks/k ds vHkko esa euq";i'kqvksa ds ;k oklukvksa ls thrk gS A euq"; us dke okluk dk :ikarj.k izse esa fd;k vkSj viuh'kqnzrk dks lekIr fd;kA i'kqvksa ds ikl Lora=rkugh gS] blfy, muds thou esa fod`fr ugh vkldrhA ysfdu euq"; thou esa cks/k o izse ds vHkko esa 'kqnzrk o fod`fr;k¡ vk tkrh gS A i'kqvksadk Lrj oklukvksa dk gS A vPNs euq"; dk Lrjcks/k o izse dk gS] ysfdu f'k[kj ij d:.kk gS A

ftlds g`n; esa d:.kk dk tUe gksrk gS] os Hkxoku dgykrs gS A cks/k vkSj izse ds vHkko esa euq"; ds thou esa 'kqnzrk gksrh gS A ysfdu ;g 'kqnzrk fod`rh cu dj ckgj vkrh gS A fod`fr;ksa ds dkj.k euq"; vLoLFk o cspSu jgrk gS] mlds }kjk fgalk o minzo gksrk gS A ifj.kke Lo:i mls nq%[k] fpark] Hko o ihMk;sa Hkksxuh iM+rh gS A

5-J`)k %& J`)k eu dh,slh voLFkk gS] tgk¡ ij dksbZ Hkze] vKku ;k 'kadk ugh gksrhA J)kyq euq"; izR;sd deZ lksp&fopkj djds dk;Z djrk gS A rkfd mls ckn esa i'pkrki u djuk iMs A ysfdu J`)k ds vHkko esa tks Hkh euq"; deZ djrk gS A mlds ihNs dsoy okluk;sa gksrh gS A J`)k ds vHkko esa euq"; oklukvksa] Hkkoukvksa dk o bZPNkvksa dk fu;a=.k djuk ugh tkurk A blfy, lkjs deZ og okluk] Hkkouk o bZPNkvksa ds izokg esa cgdj fcuk lksp&le>s djrk gS A ifj.kke Lo:i ckn esa mls i'pkrki djuk iM+rk gS A

6-ekSu %& ekSu dk vFkZ dqN Hkh ugh cksyuk gS A euq"; dk eu ges'kk v'kkar] cspSu vLoLF; o dk;Zjr~ jgrk gS A tc euq"; dk eu vfu;af=r gks tkrk gS] rks vusd xaHkhj leL;k;sa mRiUu gksrh gS A ekufld vLokLF; ds dkj.k euq"; t:jr ls T;knk ckr djrk gS A vkR;f/kd ckr djus ls gekjh fopkj 'kfDr detksj gksrh gS] o Hkkoukvksa dk fu;a=.k [kks tk;sxk A ekSu jgus ls gekjh ekufld 'kfDr dh cpr gksrh gS A lkFk gh fopkj 'kfDr rhoz gksrh gS o Hkkoukvksa dk fu;a=.k gksrk gS A ekSu

j[kus ls fdlh izdkj dh gkfu ugh gksrh cfYd lHkh izdkj ds ykHk gksrs gS A ekSu ds jgrs vkikrdky esa vki b'kkjk dj ldrs gS ;k dkxt ij fy[k ldrs gS] ysfdu HkkokRed ckrsa dj ldrs gS A

7-/;ku %& /;ku eu dh,d,slh voLFkk gS] tgk¡ij dksbZ fopkj] Hkko bPNk ;k dYiuk ugh gksrh Aeu dh bl voLFkk dks /;ku dgk tkrk gS A tcFkksMh nsj ds fy, eu 'kwU; gks tkrk gS rks mls/;ku dgk tkrk gS] ysfdu tc 'kwU; dh voLFkk dks /;ku dgk tkr gS A tc FkksMh nsj ds fy,eu 'kwU; gks tkrk gS rks mls /;ku dgk tkrk gS]ysfdu tc 'kwU; dh voLFkk yEch gks tkrh gS] rksmls lekf/k dgrs gS A,dkxz],dfpr gksus dks ;k Lej.k djus dks /;ku ugh dgk tkrk A /;ku lsykHk gh ykHk gS] gkfu fcYdqy ugh A

/;ku dh fo'ks"krk;sa %& 1-chekj O;fDr /;ku u djsa A 2-/;ku djrs le; 'kjhj LoPN o LoLF; gks A 3-/;ku dk LFkku ;k txg goknkj] 'kksj&'kjkcs lsnwj] 'kkar o xanxh ls eqDr gksuk pkfg, A 4-/;ku djrs le; de ls de] <hys&<kys o LoPN oL= igus A

5-/;ku ds fy, lqcg 5&7 cts o 'kke 7&9 ctsrd dk le; mi;qDr gksrk gSA ysfdu 'kkarvoLFkk esa vki /;ku dHkh Hkh dj ldrs gS A /;ku dh izfØ;k %& 1-/;ku djus ls iwoZ ih-Vh-] ;ksxk] izkFkZuk bR;kfnfØ;kvksa dks dj ysa rkfd vkidk 'kjhj vklkuh ls'kkar o fuf"Ø; gks ldsA

2-/;ku ds fy, 'kkar] fuf"Ø; o ruko jfgr voLFkkesa cSBsA 3-vk¡[k e¡wndj dsoy lkWl ysrs jgs A lkal ysa] FkksMhnsj :ds o fcYdqy /khjs& /khjs lkal NksaMs A 4-'kjhj ds lkFk eu dks Hkh 'kkar] fuf"Ø; o rukojfgr djssa] mlds fy, eu dks lkal ds lkFk tksMnsa A

5-eu esa dsoy lkal ds ckjs esa lksps fd lkal dSlsvkrh gS] fdruh nsj :drh gS] o ckgj dSlstkrhgS A bl rjg ls vH;kl fu;fer :i lsyxkrkj fujarj djus ls dqN {k.kksqa ds fy,vkidk eu'kqU; gks ldrk gS A tks /;ku dhvoLFkk gS A

6-Hkkoukvksa ij fu;a=.k %& euq"; u 'kjhj gS] u dsoy eu gS A og 'kjhj eu o psruk ;ksx gS A euq"; nz"Vk] lk{kh] Kkrk]lapkyd o fu;a=d cu ldrk gS A Kku ;k cks/k ds vHkko esa euq"; u gh vius 'kjhj dk u gh eu dk] fu;a=.k o lapkyu dj ikrk gS A cks/k ds vHkko esa euq"; dks vusd 'kkjhfjd o ekufld ihMk;s Hkksxuh iMrh gSA cks/k ds vHkko essa euq"; u rks LokLF; ds fu;e tkurk gSa A u gh mUgs vkpj.k esa ykrk gSa A og ;k rks euekuh

vkpj.k ds )kjk 'kjhj ij vU;k; ;k vR;kpkj djrk gS ;k fQj vius vki dks 'kjhj ekudj mlds eksg esa] oklukvksa ds nyny esa QWl tkrk gSa A cks/k ds vHkko esa euq"; ugh tkurk fd oklukvksa dk Hkh fu;a=.k fd;k tkrk gSa A cks/k ds vHkko esa euq"; dk eu Hkh vfu;af=r gks tkrk gSa A vkSj euq"; dks dzks/k] nq%[k fpark] Hk;] ruko] ihMk o fujk'kk Hkksxuh iMrh gSa A cks/k ds )kjk euq"; eu dh dk;Ziz.kkyh tku ldrk gSa o mldk fu;a=.k Hkh dj

ldrk gSA eu dh xfrfof/k;ksa dk euksO;kikj dgk tkrk gSa A eu fopkj rFkk Hkkorkvksa dks tUe nsrk gSa A euq"; dk eu nks izdkj dh Hkkoukvksa dks tUe nsrk gSaA 1%lq[kn2% nq[kn eS=h] izse] lg;ksx] lgrhou n;k] d#.kk bR;kfn lq[kn Hkkouk;sa gksrh gS A dzks/k] nq%[k fpUrk] Hk;] fujk'kk] bZ';kZ bR;kfn nq%[kn Hkkouk;sa gksrh gSa A

Hkkouk;sa vR;ar 'kkfDr'kkyh gksrh gSa A fo'ks"kr% nq%[kn Hkkouk;sa ck< ;k rwQku dh rjg euq"; thou esa mRikn djrh gSa A tks euq"; lko/kku ;k tkxzr ugh gksrk og nq%[kn Hkkorkvksa esa cg tkrk gSa o rckg gks tkrk gSa A vfu;af=r nq%[kn Hkkoukvksa ds dkj.k euq"; ds thou esa nq?kZVuk;sa ?kVrh gSa A ifjokj o iwjs lekt esa nq%[kn Hkkoukvksa ds dkj.k fgalk] minzo] rksM&QksM o fouk'k dh ?kVuk gks jgh gS A blfy;s izR;sd euq"; dks nq%[kn Hkkoukvksa ds R;kx dh ckr djrs gSa]rks dqN yksx vfu;af=r Hkkoukvksa esa Mwc tkrs gS A ysfdu nksuks gh

ekxZ gkfudkjd gS A cks/k jkLrk gS A ge Hkkoukvksa dk fu;a=.k dj ldrs gS A fu;a=.k ds }kjk ges lq[k&'kkafr fey ldrh gS A Hkkoukvksa dk u rks R;kx laHko gS u gh mudk vfu;af=r gks tkuk ykHknk;d gSA Hkkoukvksa dk euq"; thou esa fo'ks"k izk;kstu gS A Hkkouk;sa o okluk;s deZ djus dh 'kfDr iznku djrh gS A muds vHkko esa euq"; thou 'kqU; gks tk;xk A

,M~l & ekuo tkfr dk ladV vkt lkjs fo'o esa,M~l ds [krjs ls euq"; tkfr dks fparkxzLr dj fn;k gS A,M~l fdlh lhek&e;kZnk dks ugha tkurk A,M~l fdlh dks Hkh gks ldrk gS A,M~l dh chekjh dk dksbZ bykt ugha A,M~l dh chekjh dk dksbZ Vhdk ugha A,M~l dks tkudj thou 'kSyh dks cnyuk gh,M~l ls cpko djuk gS A,M~l u"V djrk gS jksx izfrdkjd 'kfDr

,M~l & AIDS dk vFkZ gS A - Acquired - vDok;MZ & izkIr dh gqbZ I - Immuno - bE;quks ¼jksx½ & izfrca/kkRed 'kfDr D - Deficieny - fMQsf'k;Ulh & deh S - Syndrome - flUMªkse& y{k.k lewg,M~l ds fo"kk.kq ekuo 'kjhj dh jksx izfrdkjd 'kfDr dks u"V dj mls bruk detksj cuk nsrs gSa fd dbZ chekfj;k¡ iSnk gks tkrh gSa] vkSj c<+rs gh jgrh gSa A

,p-vk;-Ogh- gS,M~l dk fo"kk.kq ¼H - Human, I - Immuno, D - Deficiency, V - Virus½,M~l ds fo"kk.kq dk uke gS &,p-vk;-Ogh- ¼áqeu bE;quksa MsfQf'k;Ulh O;kg;jl½ euq"; ds 'kjhj esa izos'k djus ds ckn,p- vk;-Ogh- euq"; dh jksxksa ls yM+us dh jksx izfrdkjd 'kfDr u"V djrk gS A dbZ o"kksZa rd ;g dke fujarj pyus ds ckn vkneh iwjh rjg ls detksj gks tkrk gS A tc mls vusd chekfj;ka idM+ ysrh gSa A fQj,M~l dk bykt u gksus ls /khjs&/khjs euq"; e`R;q dh vkSj c<+rk gS A,M~l ckf/kr euq";,M~l ds fo"kk.kqvksa dk QSyko djrk gS A,M~l dh chekjh dk tYnh irk ughja pyrk A

,M~l,sls ls QSyrk gS 1-,p-vk;-Ogh- ds fo"kk.kq ;kSu fØ;kvksa }kjk¼laHkksx&;k eSFkqu½],M~l ckf/kr jksxh ds 'kjhj lslkFkh ¼ikVZuj½ ds 'kjhj esa izos'k djrs gSa A 2-,p-vk;-Ogh- fo"kk.kq fefJr jDr ¼[kwu½ ysus ls A 3-nwf"kr fufMYl & fljhat ds batsD'ku ls A 4-,M~l xzLr eka dk nw/k ihus ls ;k xHkkZoLFkk esa A

,M~l ugha QSyrk 1-Li'kZ ls] gkFk feykus ls] pweus ls ;k vfyaxu ls A 2-tyiku ;k Hkkstu ls A 3-fNadus ;k [kkalus ls A 4-ePNj ;k dhVk.kq ds na'k ls A 5-crZuksa ls A 6-lkoZtfud 'kkSpky; ;k tyrj.k ls A