1 Announcements Project Due Friday 5:00 PM Group Presentations –10 minutes –Describe project (ERD), discuss any challenges, show us some queries Final – Monday, December 9am in KH006 –Optional early exam: Friday, December 1pm in KH006

2 Final Review Lecture 24

3 Approximate Composition of the Exam 70% - Chapters 3-6, and embedded programs (excluding relational algebra) 10% - Special Topics –Not all questions will be worth the same You’ll have to answer enough to add up to the right point value –No answering your own question 10-15% Chapters 2, 8, IR, and relational algebra (Short answers, T/F, fill in the blank, multiple choice) 5-10% Physical Storage

4 Review Physical Storage - Application A disk block is 2048B A record is 450B There are 10,000 records 1.What is the block factor? 2.What is the number of blocks needed to store entire table?

5 Example B+ Tree

6 Rules for Constructing a B+ Tree If the root is not a leaf, it must have at least two children If the tree is order n, each interior node (that is, all nodes except the root and leaf nodes), must have between n/2 and n occupied pointers (and children). If n/2 is not an integer, roundup to determine the minimizes number of pointers

7 Rules for Constructing a B+ Tree The number of key values contained in a non-leaf node is 1 less than the number of pointers If the tree has order n, the number of occupied key values in a leaf node must be between (n-1)/2 and n-1. If (n-1)/2 is not an integer, round up to determine the minimum number of occupied key values. The tree must be balanced, that is, every path from the root node must have the same length.

8 Symbols used in E-R Diagram Entity – rectangle Attribute – oval Relationship – diamond Link - line

9 Scenario – Organization of Olympic Facilities The Olympic facilities are divided into sports complexes. Sports complexes are divided into one-sport and multisport types. Multisport complexes have areas of the complex designed for each sport with a location indicator (e.g. center, NE corner, etc.). A complex has a location, chief organizing individual, total occupied area, and so on. Each complex holds a series of events (e.g., the track stadium may hold many different races). For each event there is a planned date, duration, number of participants, number of officials, and so on. A roster of all officials will be maintained together with the list of events each official will be involved in. The two types of facilities (one-sport and multisport) will have different types of information. For each type, the approximate budget will be kept.

10 Olympic EER Diagram

11 Olympic Relations

12 Functional Dependencies and Normalization

13 Olympic DDL and SQL