Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite May contain MIT, LL, GSFC, OSC proprietary information and be subject to U.S. Government Export Laws; U.S. recipient is responsible for compliance with all applicable U.S. export regulations. David W. Latham Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics K2SciCon, Santa Barbara, 4 Nov 2015 TESS Precursor & Follow-up

Building on the Legacy of Kepler & K2  Sky coverage  Kepler surveyed 1/400 th of the sky  K2 will survey 10 to 20 times more (1/40 th to 1/20 th of sky)  TESS will cover (nearly) the entire sky  The nearest and best transiting planets for follow-up  Kepler designed to provide statistics  Reach Earth twins in one-year orbits around Sun-like stars  Provide occurrence rates to inform future missions  Just happens to allow breakthroughs in astrophysics  But most KOIs are too faint for effective follow-up K2SciCon 4 November 2015

Towards TESS Science  TESS designed to find the nearest transiting planets  Emphasis on characterizing small planets similar to Earth  Best targets for spectroscopy of exoplanet atmospheres  Dream of detecting biomarkers as evidence for life  K2 can be viewed as rehearsal for TESS  Completely open to community inputs & follow-up  Lean and mean mission team with Kepler experience  Can TESS adopt the best of both worlds?  Strong and active Science Team  Working groups with participation of community experts  Strong Guest Investigator Program, community involvement  Effective support from MAST and NExSci K2SciCon 4 November 2015

TESS Precursors I  Prepare TESS Input Catalog  Used to select optimum planet-search targets  Document all luminous objects that matter to transits  Support data reductions (apertures, contamination)  Support simulations, full frame image analysis  Support Guest Investigator Program target selection  Provide prioritized Candidate Target List  Planet search priorities set by sensitivity to small planets  Merge targets from Guest Investigator programs  Payload Operations Center figures out actual targets K2SciCon 4 November 2015

TESS Precursors II  Target Selection Working Group very active  Led by Josh Pepper & Keivan Stassun  Frequent electronic meetings via WebEx  TESS Dwarf Catalog under development for entire sky  Draft version based on available catalogs and data  New data will be incorporated as available  Gaia data releases critically important: selection & analysis  Special effort to include more (and later) M dwarfs  Special effort to include key open cluster targets  Set a wide net (e.g. hot stars, evolved stars, white dwarfs)  Best systems likely to be Hipparcos stars K2SciCon 4 November 2015

TESS Precursors III  TESS Input Catalog drafts  Preparation led by Jonathan Irwin  Version 1 delivered August 2015  Based on 2MASS, half billion entries  Included ~3 million candidate dwarf targets  Gaia first data release expected summer 2016  G magnitudes, space resolution, proper motions  Improved T magnitudes  Improved stellar parameters (parallaxes please!) K2SciCon 4 November 2015

T Magnitudes by Willie Torres K2SciCon 4 November 2015

TESS Science Office Organization & Roles  Located in Cambridge, Massachusetts  CfA arm led by Dave Latham, Director of Science  MIT arm led by Josh Winn, Deputy Director of Science  Prepare and Maintain the TESS Input Catalog  Deliver improved versions as needed  Identify TESS Objects of Interest (TOIs)  Based on data products from SPOC at NASA Ames  Pipeline development led by Jon Jenkins  Strong Kepler legacy  Deliver TOI Lists to MAST on 4 month schedule  Move from human vetting to robo-vetting ASAP K2SciCon 4 November 2015

Dave’s version of the flowdown per sector  ~15,000 light curves  ~1,000 threshold crossing events  ~500 after flux triage  ~200 after false positive rejection  Ephemeris matching, recon observations  ~100 after eclipsing binary removal  Secondary eclipse implies self luminous comp  ~20 high priority planet candidates  Promoted to spectroscopic follow-up  ~80 lower priority planet candidates K2SciCon 4 November 2015

False Positive Rejection  Ephemeris matching  Need an all-sky EB catalog with ephemerides  No existing catalogs with good completeness  Full-frame images provide an opportunity  But can they be processed quickly enough?  Seeing-limited images  TESS pixels are 21 arc-seconds  Meter-class CCDs can detect nearby EBs  But require careful scheduling during events  LCOGT and Mearth are on board  Opportunity for others, e.g. KELT network  High-resolution imaging as needed (AO, speckle) K2SciCon 4 November 2015

Joey Rodriguez and KELT Network Poster K2SciCon 4 November 2015

Spectroscopic Follow-up  Spectroscopic reconnaissance  Initial observation(s) at quadrature(s)  High resolution, modest SNR  Check stellar parameters, rotation  Requires careful scheduling  Several meter-class facilities on board  …  Opportunity for other similar facilities  Extreme PRV follow-up for orbits & masses  HARPS (N&S), HIRES, others on board  Several new instruments too, e.g. K2SciCon 4 November 2015

TESS Follow-up Observing Program (TFOP)  TFOP Working Group getting organized  Talk to me if you want to learn more  Discussions with NExSci underway  Extension of CFOP and ExoFOP-K2 to TESS  Can we coordinate community efforts?  Optimize use of resources  Minimize duplication of effort  There will be plenty of follow-up work to go around K2SciCon 4 November 2015