Define each of these terms: Chromosome: Gene: Allele: Genome: Mutation:

Objectives Outline differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic DNA organisation. State how DNA is organised within cells. Outcomes 3: Define key terms related to DNA organisation. 5: Explain the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic DNA organisation. 7: Sucessfully compare genome sizes in different organisms explaining reasons for differences. Key terms: gene, chromosome, allele, genome.

Outcomes 3: Define key terms related to DNA organisation. 5: Explain the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic DNA organisation. 7: Sucessfully compare genome sizes in different organisms explaining reasons for differences. Key terms: gene, chromosome, allele, genome. Chromosome: A thread-like structure of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus of most living cells, carrying genetic information in the form of genes. Gene: A heritable factor that controls a specific characteristic. Allele: One specific form of a gene, differing from the other alleles by one or a few bases only and occupying the same gene locus as other alleles of the gene. Genome: The whole genetic information of an organism. Gene mutation: Changes in the sequence of bases in the DNA of a gene.

Outcomes 3: Define key terms related to DNA organisation. 5: Explain the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic DNA organisation. 7: Sucessfully compare genome sizes in different organisms explaining reasons for differences. Key terms: gene, chromosome, allele, genome.

Outcomes 3: Define key terms related to DNA organisation. 5: Explain the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic DNA organisation. 7: Sucessfully compare genome sizes in different organisms explaining reasons for differences. Key terms: gene, chromosome, allele, genome.

A gene is a heritable factor that controls a specific characteristic We have 23,438 genes.

Outcomes 3: Define key terms related to DNA organisation. 5: Explain the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic DNA organisation. 7: Sucessfully compare genome sizes in different organisms explaining reasons for differences. Key terms: gene, chromosome, allele, genome. The Cairns’ technique can be used to measure the length of DNA molecules by autoradiography. Questions When did it come about? How does it work? What did it show about replication in bacteria? cairns/experiments-cold-spring-harbor-laboratory/

Outcomes 3: Define key terms related to DNA organisation. 5: Explain the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic DNA organisation. 7: Sucessfully compare genome sizes in different organisms explaining reasons for differences. Key terms: gene, chromosome, allele, genome. SpeciesCommon name Size of genome (Bp) Number of chromosomes T2 phage Escherichia coli Drosophilia malanogaster Homo sapiens Paris japonica

Outcomes 3: Define key terms related to DNA organisation. 5: Explain the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic DNA organisation. 7: Sucessfully compare genome sizes in different organisms explaining reasons for differences. Key terms: gene, chromosome, allele, genome. SpeciesCommon name Size of genome (Bp) Number of chromosomes T2 phageT2 virus163,7930 Escherichia coli E.coli4.6 mil0 Drosophilia malanogaster Fruit fly130 mil8 Homo sapiensHuman3.2 bil46 Paris japonicaKinugasasō150 bil40

Outcomes 3: Define key terms related to DNA organisation. 5: Explain the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic DNA organisation. 7: Sucessfully compare genome sizes in different organisms explaining reasons for differences.