Kendriya Vidyalaya Made by:-HIMANSHI. Polynomials An expression containing variables, constant and any arithematic operation is called polynomial. Polynomial.

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Kendriya Vidyalaya Made by:-HIMANSHI

Polynomials An expression containing variables, constant and any arithematic operation is called polynomial. Polynomial comes from poly- (meaning "many") and -nomial (in this case meaning "term")... so it says "many terms"

Polynomials contain three types of terms:- (1) monomial :- A polynomial with one term. (2) binomial :- A polynomial with two terms. (3) trinomial :- A polynomial with three terms.

Degree of polynomial :- the highest power of the variable in a polynomial is termed as the degree of polynomial. Constant polynomial :- A polynomial of degree zero is called constant polynomial. Linear polynomial :- A polynomial of degree one. E.g. :-9x + 1 Quadratic polynomial :- A polynomial of degree two. E.g. :-3/2y² -3y + 3 Cubic polynomial :- A polynomial of degree three. E.g. :-12x³ -4x² + 5x +1 Bi – quadratic polynomial :- A polynomial of degree four. E.g. :- 10x – 7x ³+ 8x² -12x + 20

. Standard Form The Standard Form for writing a polynomial is to put the terms with the highest degree first.Standard Form Example: Put this in Standard Form: 3x x 3 + x 6 The highest degree is 6, so that goes first, then 3, 2 and then the constant last: x 6 + 4x 3 + 3x 2 - 7

Let p(x) be any polynomial of degree greater than or equal to one and let a be any real number. If p(x) is divided by linear polynomial x-a then the reminder is p(a). Proof :- Let p(x) be any polynomial of degree greater than or equal to 1. suppose that when p(x) is divided by x-a, the quotient is q(x) and the reminder is r(x), i.g; p(x) = (x-a) q(x) +r(x) Reminder theorem

Since the degree of x-a is 1 and the degree of r(x) is less than the degree of x-a,the degree of r(x) = 0. This means that r(x) is a constant.say r. So, for every value of x, r(x) = r. Therefore, p(x) = (x-a) q(x) + r In particular, if x = a, this equation gives us p(a) =(a-a) q(a) + r Which proves the theorem.

Let p(x) be a polynomial of degree n > 1 and let a be any real number. If p(a) = 0 then (x-a) is a factor of p(x). PROOF :-By the reminder theorem, p(x) = (x-a) q(x) + p(a). Factor Theorem

1.If p(a) = 0,then p(x) = (x-a) q(x), which shows that x-a is a factor of p(x). 2. Since x-a is a factor of p(x), p(x) = (x-a) g(x) for same polynomial g(x). In this case, p(a) = (a-a) g(a) =0

ALGEBRIC IDENTITIES

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