In Pairs.... …write down all you can remember about radiation and radioactivity. What is radiation? What is radioactivity? What’s the difference?

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Radioactive Decay. - Alpha Decay The emission of an particle from the nucleus of an atom is called alpha decay An alpha particle is just a helium nucleus.

Advertisements

IV. Isotopes 2 or more atoms of the same element having the same number of protons BUT different numbers of neutrons.

Unstable Nuclei and Radioactive Decay

FISSION AND FUSION. SESSION INTRODUCTION Nuclear fusion powers the Sun (left) and could be a source of energy in the future (right). Images courtesy of.

LOJ Feb 2004 Radioactivity 1 What is radioactive decay?

Radioactivity Polonium and radium X-Rays

Alpha, Beta, and Gamma Decay

Alpha Beta Gamma. Lesson Contents 1.Physical properties of ,  and  2.Penetrating power of ,  and  3.N v Z  graphs 4.Decay laws.

Learning Targets I can name the force that holds the atom’s nucleus together I can describe the two reasons why some isotopes are radioactive. I can describe.

Radioactive Decay Radioactive Decay. Radioactive Decay: Some unstable atoms try to regain stability by losing energy. They lose energy by emitting radiation.

Nuclear Energy. Nuclear energy is all around us and can be used for medical purposes. Nuclear energy is when an atom is split and releases energy or particles.

© JP 1  alpha e-e-  beta  gamma Marie Curie Antoine-Henri Becquerel (1852 – 1908) α,  and  RADIATION.

Section 1: What is Radioactivity?

Nuclear Physics Physics 12. Protons, Neutrons and Electrons  The atom is composed of three subatomic particles: Particle Charge (in C) Symbol Mass (in.

1. Nucleons. Protons and neutrons 2. Nuclide

Lesson 2: It’s Greek to Me

Modern Physics Radioactive Decay. Look at the periodic table given to you. Find element with the atomic number 6 What is it?

Preview Key Ideas Bellringer Nuclear Radiation Nuclear Decay Math Skills Radioactive Decay Rates SECTION 1: WHAT IS RADIOACTIVITY?

Reading Assignment: pp

Structure of the Nucleus Every atom has a nucleus, a tiny but massive center.Every atom has a nucleus, a tiny but massive center. The nucleus is made up.

Nuclear Chemistry Chemistry Ms.Piela.

Electromagnetic spectrum Mini-book – Due 17 th September One type of EM wave for each page Each page should contain the wavelength Each page should contain.

What is it to be Radioactive? Radioactive decay is the process in which an unstable atomic nucleus loses energy by emitting radiation in the form of particles.

4.4 Unstable Nuclei and Radioactive Decay Radioactive decay In the late 1890s, scientists noticed some substances spontaneously emitted radiation, a.

Nuclear Decay Notes Stability Curve Atomic number Z Neutron number N Stable nuclei Z = N Nuclear particles are held.

Nuclear Chemistry “Bravo” Test 1954 – 15,000 kilotons.

Nuclear Chemistry “Bravo” Test 1954 – 15,000 kilotons.

Decay mechanisms Exam question Radio isotopes. previous next smart.

Unit 2: The Atom Nuclear Decay. Band Of Stability  Atoms that lie outside the band of stability are unstable  Atoms 1-20 n 0 /p + ratio must be 1:1.

Radioactivity and Nuclear Energy Chapter 19 neFFc&feature=related.

Alpha Beta Gamma.

Radioactive Decay Alpha, Beta, and Gamma Decay. Radioactivity Emission of particles and energy from the nucleus of certain atoms This happens through.

Chapter 15 Nuclear Radiation

Nuclear Chemistry Chapter 25. What do you think of when you hear Nuclear Chemistry?

Nuclear Chemistry The Guide to types of Radioactive Decay and their Properties.

IP Simple introduction to decay Simple introduction to decay.

Nuclear Chemistry Nucleons vs. Nuclide  Nucleons: General name referring to nucleus made up off Protons + Neutrons  Nuclide: Nuclear chemistry’s way.

Radiation Radiation: The process of emitting energy in the form of waves or particles. Where does radiation come from? Radiation is generally produced.

Radioactive Decay Quick Review Atom made of 3 subatomic particles Protons (positive, inside nucleus) Protons (positive, inside nucleus) Electrons (negative,

Chapter 25 Nuclear Chemistry

Nuclear Radiation Half-Life. What is Radiation? Penetrating rays and particles emitted by a radioactive source Result of a nuclear reaction! –Involves.

Atomic Theory, Isotopes, and Radioactive Decay PowerPoint 7.1.

Discrete Energy and Radioactivity Unit 7.1. Disclaimer: “We return to this for HL students in Topic 12, but for now it is maybe better to accept that.

By: Joy Mihanni And Jonathan Samuels

Atoms and Isotopes What are atoms, isotopes, and radioactive decay?

PS-2.2 Illustrate the fact that the atoms of elements exist as stable or unstable isotopes.

Section 1: What is Radioactivity?

Types of Radioactive Decay Kinetics of Decay Nuclear Transmutations

Prepared By: Shakil Raiman.  Atoms are made up of electrons, protons and neutrons.  The diameter of the nucleus is about 10,000 times smaller than the.

Nuclear Chemistry. The Atom The atom consists of two parts: 1. The nucleus which contains: 2. Orbiting electrons. protons neutrons.

Alpha and Beta Decay. Nuclear Reactions 1.Occur when nuclei emit particles and/or rays. 2.Atoms are often converted into atoms of another element. 3.May.

NUCLEAR CHANGES What is Radioactivity?. What happens when an element undergoes radioactive decay? During radioactive decay an unstable nuclei of an isotope.

Further Types of Beta Decay. Beta Decay So far we have met β - decay. One example of this decay is the decay of the nuclide Remember that the decay is.

Energy Unit Learning Goal 4: Examine how changes in the nucleus of an atom result in emissions of radioactivity.

Energy Unit Learning Goal 3: Examine how changes in the nucleus of an atom result in emissions of radioactivity.

Integrated Science Mr. Danckers Chapter 10.

The Chart of Nuclei N=Z As size of nucleus increases, ratio N/Z increases because more neutrons needed to keep nucleus stable Just above stable region,

Unstable Nuclei and Radioactive Decay Radioactivity – spontaneous emission of radiation Radiation – rays and particles emitted from a radioactive material.

Nuclear Stability and Decay 1500 different nuclei are known. Only 264 are stable and do not decay. The stability of a nucleus depends on its neutron-to-

RADIOACTIVITY better to refer to IONISING RADIATION.

NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY Chapter 20. Nuclear Chemistry Radioactivity is the emission of subatomic particles or high- energy electromagnetic radiation by the.

II. Nuclear (Radioactive) Decay

Nuclear Chemistry.

Nuclear Reactions.

Nuclear Radiation What happens when an element undergoes radioactive decay? After radioactive decay, the element changes into a different isotope of the.

Nuclear Reactions.

Presentation transcript:

In Pairs.... …write down all you can remember about radiation and radioactivity. What is radiation? What is radioactivity? What’s the difference?

Different types of radiation Alpha – α He nucleus emitted Nucleus gets smaller Beta – β (strictly β - ) Neutron decays in to a proton, an electron and an anti-neutrino Gamma –  Energy released as the nucleus rearranges EM Photon

Alpha Decay α decay (α is a helium nuclei, 2 protons and 2 neutrons) i.e. Complete this example:

Beta Minus Decay β - decay (β - is a high energy electron) e-e- νeνe n p Before After W- The standard formula:

Beta Plus Decay β + decay (β + is a high energy positron) e+e+ νeνe n p Before After W+ The standard formula:

Gamma Emission No change occurs in the number of protons or neutrons in the nucleus The energy released in gamma ray ( γ ) emission comes from reordering the nucleus to a more stable arrangement It usually occurs after the emission of an α particle or a β - particle

Electron Capture A new one for you! This occurs in proton rich nuclei, where the nucleus captures an inner shell electron, causing a proton to turn in to a neutron emitting a neutrino. The inner shell vacancy is filled by an outer shell electron causing the emission of an X-ray photon The standard formula:

So that’s radiation, what’s radioactivity? Radioactivity is the decay of unstable isotopes of an element, which results in the emission of ionising radiation. Discuss - Why is something unstable?

Consider a nucleus with 14 nucleons... We can arrange the protons and neutrons in different ways... PN P N P N P N P N P N P N PN P N P N P N N P N P N N PN P N P N P N P P N P N P This is stable. There are the same number of protons and neutrons, they are packed in their lowest energy state These are possible but unstable. There are either too many neutrons or too many protons, so they not in their lowest energy state. N N N N N P N This is impossible, far too unstable to exist! N N N N P N N

The process of radioactive decay Radioactive decay is dangerous because of the ionising radiation emitted. In addition for a single atom of an isotope, the process is random and uncontrollable. They could decay at any moment...

Please listen very carefully!

Dice Analogue Draw a table like the one shown. Count you initial number of blocks; enter this as your zero ‘ Dice Remaining’ reading. Roll your blocks, if they land colour side up then they have decayed, put them to one side. Count the number decayed and calculate the number of remaining blocks. Repeat this process making sure you do not lose any blocks. Once you have all your data, enter it on the class spread sheet. Throw Number Dice DecayedDice Remaining … 19 20

Review the Dice Analogue Experiment 1.Why is this experiment a good analogue for radioactive decay? 2.Will the values ever really reach zero if they were radioactive isotopes? 3.If you replaced the dice with coins how would your results be affected? 4.If radioactive isotopes A decayed faster than radioactive isotope B, which would be more dangerous and why?

Radioactivity The decay of any single nucleus is completely random You cannot predict when any one nucleus will decay If there are enough nuclei you can accurately estimate how many nuclei will decay every time period.