Provide Proper Care for Your Animals Good Production Practice #8 Food Animal Quality Assurance Youth Curriculum Guide

Proper Animal Care Helps reduce production costs Helps reduce production costs Increases performance Increases performance Improves food quality Improves food quality Improves safety to humans and animals Improves safety to humans and animals GPP #8 Slide 02

3 Basic Needs Water Water Food Food Shelter Shelter GPP #8 Slide 03

Water Most important nutrient Most important nutrient Provide DAILY Provide DAILY Higher requirements dependent on changes in temperature Higher requirements dependent on changes in temperature Accessible to ALL animals Accessible to ALL animals Cleaned on regular basis Cleaned on regular basis GPP #8 Slide 04

Water Requirements based on: Requirements based on: Species Species Age Age Stage of Production Stage of Production Environment Environment GPP #8 Slide 05

Food Know the nutrient needs of the animals Know the nutrient needs of the animals Feed appropriate amount of feed Feed appropriate amount of feed Avoid restricting feed or water Avoid restricting feed or water More covered in GPP 9 More covered in GPP 9 GPP #8 Slide 06

Shelter Needed to allow animals an escape from harsh environments Needed to allow animals an escape from harsh environments Different aged animals require different space requirements Different aged animals require different space requirements KNOW the space requirements for your animal! KNOW the space requirements for your animal! Base space on the animal size or stage of production Base space on the animal size or stage of production GPP #8 Slide 07

Shelter Ventilation Ventilation Allows for proper air movement Allows for proper air movement Does the facility have proper temperature control? Does the facility have proper temperature control? GPP #8 Slide 08

Thermoregulation Control body temperature Control body temperature Temperature is impacted by Temperature is impacted by Air flow Air flow Density of animals Density of animals Humidity Humidity Season Season GPP #8 Slide 09

Ways To Control Temperature  Heat  Sprinkle area or animal (evaporative cooling)  Fans (air movement)  Shade (lessens thermal radiation)  Cold  Deeper bedding (insulation)  Shelter (prevent drafts)  House animals together GPP #8 Slide 10

Sanitation Provide clean bedding Provide clean bedding Remove waste in a timely manner Remove waste in a timely manner Prevent spread of disease Prevent spread of disease Clean and disinfect facilities before new animals arrive (GPP 7) Clean and disinfect facilities before new animals arrive (GPP 7) GPP #8 Slide 11

“ Understanding the behavior of animals helps prevent injuries to both people and animals. ” Dr. Temple Grandin GPP #8 Slide 12

Animal Handling Be aware and respectful of an animal’s…. Be aware and respectful of an animal’s…. Comfort or Flight Zone Comfort or Flight Zone Animals two main instincts are fight or flight. Animals two main instincts are fight or flight. Proper handling provides a safe environment for animals AND people! Proper handling provides a safe environment for animals AND people! GPP #8 Slide 13

Flight Zone GPP #8 Slide 14

GPP #8 Slide 15

Transportation Guidelines Do transport during early morning or evening during hot weather Do transport during early morning or evening during hot weather Do NOT transport during extreme cold or heat Do NOT transport during extreme cold or heat Avoid long transport times Avoid long transport times Do NOT overcrowd Do NOT overcrowd Provide proper ventilation Provide proper ventilation GPP #8 Slide 16

Moving Animals Be aware of and use the flight zone Be aware of and use the flight zone Make sure pathways are clear of obstructions Make sure pathways are clear of obstructions Can cause bruising and injury Can cause bruising and injury No yelling, poking, hitting, shocking No yelling, poking, hitting, shocking Avoid use of electric prods! Avoid use of electric prods! GPP #8 Slide 17

Stress Important to identify stress Important to identify stress Know what is “normal” through daily observation Know what is “normal” through daily observation Reduced performance and more likely to get sick when stressed Reduced performance and more likely to get sick when stressed What indicates that you are stressed? What indicates that you are stressed? GPP #8 Slide 18

Stress Indicators Lack of appetite Lack of appetite Abnormal posture Abnormal posture Slower than normal growth Slower than normal growth Rapid breathing Rapid breathing Lameness or alteration of gait Lameness or alteration of gait Restlessness Dull or depressed attitude Unusual noises or sounds Self-isolation from pen mates GPP #8 Slide 19

Abnormal Posture GPP #8 Slide 20

Unthrifty GPP #8 Slide 21

Stunted Growth GPP #8 Slide 22

Lame GPP #8 Slide 23

Runny Nose GPP #8 Slide 24

Abscess/Injury GPP #8 Slide 25

Types of Stress Thermal Thermal Temperature Temperature Physical Physical Objects that could cause injury to animal Objects that could cause injury to animal Lack of food and water Lack of food and water Disease GPP 7 Behavioral Factors affect normal behavior of the animal GPP #8 Slide 26

Stress Acceptable management practices that cause short term stress to animal Acceptable management practices that cause short term stress to animal Examples: Castration, Vaccination, Beak- trimming, Dehorning, Weaning, etc. Examples: Castration, Vaccination, Beak- trimming, Dehorning, Weaning, etc. Make sure these practices are performed Make sure these practices are performed At the correct time (stage of production or age) At the correct time (stage of production or age) In the proper manner In the proper manner GPP #8 Slide 27

ODA Regulations Unacceptable management practices Unacceptable management practices Animals must be castrated before: Animals must be castrated before: Cattle are 8 months of age Cattle are 8 months of age Swine are 75 lbs Swine are 75 lbs Sheep are 75 lbs Sheep are 75 lbs GPP #8 Slide 28

Retained Testicle GPP #8 Slide 29

Responsibility of Exhibitors and Parents Look at animals daily Look at animals daily Give animals enough food and water daily Give animals enough food and water daily Provide food with enough nutrients Provide food with enough nutrients Provide a comfortable environment Provide a comfortable environment Provide enough space for animals Provide enough space for animals No tolerance for abuse No tolerance for abuse Know your veterinarian Know your veterinarian Provide medical care to sick animals Provide medical care to sick animals GPP #8 Slide 30