Harmonic Series and Spectrograms BY JORDAN KEARNS (W&L ‘14) & JON ERICKSON (STILL HERE )

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Presentation transcript:

Harmonic Series and Spectrograms BY JORDAN KEARNS (W&L ‘14) & JON ERICKSON (STILL HERE )

220 Hz (A3) Why do they sound different? Instrument 1 Instrument 2Sine Wave

Waveform Piano Guitar Sine Wave

Overtones and Music Perception Overtones occur at integer multiples of the fundamental frequency when an object vibrates. The addition of these tones at regular intervals is musical to the human ear. Example: Fundamental (1 st Harmonic): 220Hz 1 st Overtone (2 nd Harmonic): 440Hz 2 nd Overtone (3 rd Harmonic): 660Hz Video produced by Brandon Pletsch Univ. of Georgia Medical School URL:

PianoGuitar Frequency Spectrum

Modes of Vibration: Standing Waves

Harmonic Motion in Guitar

Frequency Decomposition: Pure Sine Wave T = 2ms f = 1/T f = 500Hz

Frequency Decomposition: Pure Sine Wave T = 1ms f = 1/T f = 1000Hz

Composite Wave I

Composite Wave II

Waveform Piano Guitar Sine Wave

Spectrogram: Piano

Piano: Component Sine Waves Time Microphone Signal Amplitude

Piano: Component Sine Waves Composite Wave (From Previous Slide) Original Piano Wave Look how close with only three sine waves!!!

Fourier Series and Superposition

Why you should change strings A quick experiment with a spectrogram Old New