The Math of Equations Stoichiometry the calculation of quantities in chemical reactions.

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Presentation transcript:

The Math of Equations Stoichiometry the calculation of quantities in chemical reactions

Interpreting Balanced equations 2H 2 O  2H 2 + O 2 2 molecules  2 molecules + 1 molecule 2 mole  2 mole + 1 mole

practice Bubbles of hydrogen gas and iron(III) chloride are produced when iron is dropped into hydrochloric acid How many moles of hydrogen are produced when 14.5 moles of iron react? Write symbols and balance Write the moles on top/known on bottom Circle the known and unknown Do Dimensional analysis problem

Steps in stoichiometry Write symbols and balance Write the moles on top/known on bottom Circle the known and unknown Do Dimensional analysis problem

Mole – Mole problems Ammonium nitrate decomposes to yield dinitrogen monoxide and water How many moles of water are produced if 14.8 moles of ammonium nitrate react? 1.Write symbols and balance 2.Write the moles on top/known on bottom 3.Circle the known and unknown 4.Do Dimensional analysis problem

Mole – Mass problems Aluminum and silver nitrate react. How many moles of aluminum nitrate will be produced if 34.6 g of aluminum react? 1.Write symbols and balance 2.Write the moles on top/known on bottom 3.Circle the known and unknown 4.Do dimensional analysis problem

Mass-Mass Lithium nitride reacts with water to produce ammonia and lithium hydroxide. How many g of LiOH are produced if.38g of Li 3 N react?

Other Sodium chloride is produced when chlorine reacts with sodium 1.How many L of Chlorine are needed to make 45.6 g sodium chloride? 2.How many F.U. of NaCl are produced when 1.32 x atoms of Na react?

% Yield (product) % Yield = Actual (experiment) x 100% (product) Theoretical (calculation)

Limiting reactant – reactant that limits the amount of product. It is all used up Excess reactant – reactant that is not all used up in the reaction

Limiting Reactant 1.Calculate the amount of product that could be made for each reactant 2.Compare the amount that could be made to the amount of product actually made to determine which reactant is limiting

Law of Conservation of Matter Prove the law of conservation of matter for 2NH 3  N 2 + 3H 2 Do Dimensional analysis problem for each reactant and product to determine the mass in g

Lab: Strike it Rich Shine 3 pennies. Observe. Get beaker with.5 g of Zn mixture Get 15 ml of NaOH base**** Add 2 pennies, NaOH to Zn beaker. Cover. Heat gently!! When both are changed, put in cold water. Observe. Put 1 penny on hot plate. Put in cold water when changed. Observe.