Aim: What issues are related to Congressional redistricting? Do Now:

Congressional Campaign Issues: Malapportionment: drawing the boundaries of legislative districts so they are unequal in population Gerrymandering: drawing the boundaries of legislative districts in bizarre or unusual shapes to favor one party.

Landmark Cases Baker v. Carr (1962): The Supreme Court has jurisdiction over legislative apportionment Gray v. Sanders (1963): “One person, One vote” Wesberry v. Sanders (1964): found unequal district pop. unconstitutional – 14 th amend “One person, One vote” Reynolds v. Sims (1964): State legislature districts had to be roughly equal in population Easley v. Cromartie (2001) – redistricting for political ideology was constitutional, led to increase in minority reps

Problems to Solve in Determining Congressional Districts: 1.Determine total size of the House 2.Allocating seats in the House among the states 3.Determining the size of Congressional districts within the states 4.Determining the shape of those districts.

House Size 435 Members Constitution requires reapportionment every ten years based on the census States can gain or lose representatives