Mr. Binet – Science 6

 The Moon travels around the Earth.  The Moon travels around the Earth in a circle called an orbit.

 The Moon takes about 27 days (27 days, 7 hours, 43 minutes, 11.6 seconds) to go all the way around the Earth and return to its starting position.  The Moon's orbit around the Earth is a slightly squashed circle called an ellipse.

 A lunar month is the time the moon takes to pass through a complete cycle of its phases and is measured from New Moon to New Moon. A lunar month is about 29.5 days (29 days, 12 hours, 43 minutes, 11.6 seconds)

 While the Moon is orbiting the Earth, the Earth is constantly moving because it is orbiting the sun. The Moon therefore travels slightly more than 360° to get from one new moon to the next. Thus the lunar month is longer.

 The Moon is 4.5 billion years old.

 Looking down from the north pole we would see the Moon orbiting counterclockwise from west to east.

 The moon moves toward the east in our sky by about 12 degrees each day.  The moon rises in the east and sets in the west

 The Moon is about 250,000 miles (384,400 kilometres) from Earth. Travelling by car: Travelling by rocket: Travelling by light speed: Travelling by car: Travelling by rocket: Travelling by light speed: 130 days 13 hours 1.52 sec 130 days 13 hours 1.52 sec

 The moon orbits Earth at an average speed of 2,288 miles per hour (3,683 kilometres per hour).  The Moon travels at different speeds during different parts of its orbit. It moves slowest when it is at furthest distance from Earth. The Moon moves fastest in its orbit when it is closest to Earth.

 The Moon travels a distance of 1,423,000 miles (2,290,000 kilometres) around the Earth

 The Moon has a diameter of 2,000 miles ( 3,476 kilometres).  The surface of the Moon has about the same area as the continent of Africa.

 The surface of the moon has many things on it such as craters, lava plains, mountains, and valleys. Scientists believe the craters were formed around 3.5 to 4.5 billion years ago by meteors hitting the moon's surface.

 The Moon has no atmosphere  Water was discovered on the moon in November 2009  There is no wind or weather on the moon.  Footprints left on the Moon by Apollo astronauts will remain visible for at least 10 million years because there is no erosion on the Moon.

 The Moon is not a light source, it does not make its own light.  The moon reflects light from the sun.  We can see the Moon because light from the Sun bounces off it back to the Earth.  If the Sun wasn't there, we wouldn't be able to see the Moon.

 The Sun always lights up (illuminates) one side of the Moon.  The Moon appears to change shape but what we are actually seeing is the Moon lit up by the light from the Sun in different ways on different days.

 The moon causes many of the tides in the Earth's oceans. This is because of the gravity force between the Earth and Moon.  During full and new moons the gravitational forces of the Sun and Moon combine to produce the highest tides called Spring Tides.  During quarter moons the gravitational forces of the Sun and the Moon oppose each other to produce the lowest tides called Neap Tides.