Basic of UNIX For fresh members of SPARCS

What is UNIX? AT&T ’ s UNIX Ken Thompson and Dennis Ritchie BSD and System V Release Solaris, AIX, IRIX, HP-UX, FreeBSD, … Linux

Features of UNIX Multi-user, Multitasking Written in C – portability Simple and elegant Very good at networking server

Basic Commands of UNIX Please help me!!! Using file system Permissions Compression and archiving Displaying system information

Basic Commands of UNIX – cont. Searching and find Job control Redirection and pipe Various utilities Using network

Please help me!!! man – to see on-line reference manual $ man man $ man ls info – for reading documentation (GNU) $ info info $ info ls -h, --help option

Using file system All in UNIX is file Tree structure ls – listing directory contents $ ls -al cp, mv – copying, moving files $ cp file1 file2 $ mv file1 file2 directory

Using file system – cont. rm – removing files $ rm file1 file2 $ rm -rf directory mkdir, rmdir, cd – making, removing, changing directory $ mkdir directory; cd directory $ cd..; rmdir directory pwd – printing working directory

Permissions UNIX is multi-user system user, group, other rwxrwxrwx – 777 chmod – changing file access permissions $ chmod 644 file1 file2 $ chmod go-rw file3 chown, chgrp (for superuser) – changing user, group ownership

Compression and archiving gzip, bzip2 – compress or expand files $ gzip file1 file2 $ bzip2 -d *.bz2 tar – archiving files $ tar cvf files.tar file1 file2 $ bzip2 files.tar $ tar xzvf directory.tar.gz directory $ tar xjvf directory.tar.bz2 directory

Displaying system information du, df – displaying usage of space w, who – show who is logged in finger – lookup user information whoami – who am I id – printing real eUID and GID

Searching and find which, whereis, type – simple searching utilities find – finding files $ find directory [expression] … $ find / -name hanterm $ find. -name “ *~ ” -exec rm -f {} \; $ man find

Redirection and pipe $ command > file $ command < file $ command1 | command2 Ask details to netj

Various functions kill – sending signal to process ps – printing process status cat – to see file (?) more, less – paging text file to see grep, egrep – print line matching pattern $ grep pattern [file] …

Various functions head, tail – see head, tail of files cut, sort – cut or sort text file write – send message to other user Mail alias Xmanager – required

Using network telnet – telnet client mutt, pine – Mail User Agent ftp, ncftp – ftp client wget - a utility to retrieve files lynx, w3mmee – text web browser talk

For C/C++ programming Use ‘ :set cindent ’ in vim gcc, g++ - C/C++ compiler $ gcc -o target1 source1.c source2.c … $ g++ -o target2 source1.cc source2.cc … make – very good program using Makefile

Simple example of Makefile