You Are Here Solar System Geology & Astrophysics.

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Presentation transcript:

You Are Here Solar System Geology & Astrophysics

The Home Planet -Diameter: 7,973 miles (12,831 kilometers) -Distance from the Sun: 93 million miles (150 million kilometers) -Surface Temperature: 59ºF (15°C) -Length of Year: 365 days

The Home System 8 planets or 9? 8 planets or 9? 5 Terrestrial planets 5 Terrestrial planets 4 gas giants with rings 4 gas giants with rings 1 star wannabee 1 star wannabee Ice, rocks, dirt and....? Ice, rocks, dirt and....? Water, water everywhere Water, water everywhere

The Home System: Water Mercury – ice Luna (Earth) - ice Mars – ice, recent liquid Europa (Jupiter) – ice, liquid Titan (Saturn) – water or methane? Water flow formations on Mars Broken ice formations on Europa

The Home System: Moons Jupiter: 52 and counting! – U. of Hawaii: Jupiter: 52 and counting! – U. of Hawaii:  4 Galilean moons:  Io (volcanic),  Europa (icy/watery),  Ganymede (icy),  Callisto (icy, dead) Saturn: 30 and counting! Saturn: 30 and counting!

The Home System: Exploration Current missions:  Galileo (Jupiter)  Cassini (Saturn)  Mars Global Surveyor  2001 Mars Odyssey  Genesis

The Home System: Exploration Mars Landers, scouts and sample returns Mars Landers, scouts and sample returns Messenger to Mercury Messenger to Mercury New Horizons to Pluto New Horizons to Pluto

The Home System: Newton’s Orbits Objects orbit the barycenter Barycenter moves as objects move Stars “wobble”

Other Systems 100 planets – 2 dozen in a single week! 100 planets – 2 dozen in a single week! 8 double-planet systems; 2 triples 8 double-planet systems; 2 triples One recent discovery: a star the same age as our Sun One recent discovery: a star the same age as our Sun

The Home Star: Sol 75% Hydrogen and 25% Helium by mass Average G2 star New Secrets:  Hairy sunspots  Dark canals

Other Stars Sun is average size, age, density Sun is average size, age, density Color shows age & mass Color shows age & mass

Other Stars: Life Cycle Aging  red giant/planetary nebula  supergiant/super- nova Death  white dwarf  neutron star  black hole

The Home Galaxy

The Home Galaxy Credit NASA/UMass/D.Wang et al.

The Center of the Home Galaxy (artist’s rendition from

The Home Universe: Bang?

The Missing Universe 30% Dark Matter: pulling things together 65% Dark Energy: accelerating things apart 5% stuff we knew about already

Stellar Reading Stephen Hawking: Ill. Brief History of Time, Universe in a Nutshell, Theory of Everything and others Stephen Hawking: Ill. Brief History of Time, Universe in a Nutshell, Theory of Everything and others Brian Green: The Elegant Universe or Cosmology & String Theory Brian Green: The Elegant Universe or Cosmology & String Theory Richard Feynman: Six Easy Pieces (Essentials of Physics) Richard Feynman: Six Easy Pieces (Essentials of Physics)

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