Chapter 11 – Ideal Gas Law and Gas Stoichiometry.

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Presentation transcript:

Chapter 11 – Ideal Gas Law and Gas Stoichiometry

11.1- Mass and Volume of Gases Avogadro’s Principle = Equal volume of gases at same T and P have same numbers of molecules H2H2 HeO2O2 N2N2 All of these balloons are the same size (same volume) All of these balloons are at the same Temperature and Pressure inside All of these balloons would have the same number of MOLECULES These balloons would have DIFFERENT masses! (Stop at 6:14)World of Chemistry – The Mole

1 mol of anything = 6.02 x particles Mass and Volume of Gases 1 mol of any gas = same number particles = 6.02 x particles = same volume = different mass Molar Volume = Volume of 1 mole of any gas at STP 22.4 L = 1 mole of gas at STP

Examples: Mass and Volume of Gases

Gas Density -Depends on T and P -We will start by looking at density at STP dSTP = Molar Mass Molar Volume Examples: Mass and Volume of Gases

Molar Mass MM = dSTP * Molar Volume (will be given) Mass and Volume of Gases

Ideal Gas Law Used on ONE gas at ONE set of conditions (will be given to Academic) PV = nRT Pressure Volume moles Ideal Gas Constant Temperature R = L atm /mol K = 62.4 L mmHg / mol K = L KPa / mol K

How do you know which R to pick??? Ideal Gas Law R = L atm /mol K = 62.4 L mmHg / mol K = L KPa / mol K By the PRESSURE UNIT!! If Pressure is in mmHg…Pick 62.4 L mmHg / mol K If Pressure is in KPa…Pick L KPa / mol K

Examples: Ideal Gas Law

Examples: Ideal Gas Law

Examples: Ideal Gas Law

Non-STP Gas Density d = MM * P(will be given) R * T Examples:

Non-STP Molar Mass MM = mass sample * R * T P * V Will be given Examples:

11.3- Stoichiometry of Gases -NEED BALANCED EQUATION!! -Could include info from Chapter 3, 7,8,9, 10, or 11!!

Review: Stoichiometry of Gases Grams A Moles A Ratio from Balanced Equation Molar Mass from Periodic Table Moles B Grams B Molar Mass from Periodic Table New Information : With GASES…There are other options: Moles to Volume using 22.4L/mole at STP or PV=nRT Volume to Moles using 22.4L/mole at STP or PV=nRT

11.3- Stoichiometry of Gases Grams A Moles A Ratio from Balanced Equation Molar Mass from Periodic Table Moles B Grams B Molar Mass from Periodic Table Volume A if a GAS Volume B if a GAS 22.4 L/mol IF at STP OR PV=nRT if NOT STP 22.4 L/mol IF at STP OR PV=nRT if NOT STP

Examples: Stoichiometry of Gases

Examples: Stoichiometry of Gases

Examples: Stoichiometry of Gases

Examples: Stoichiometry of Gases